كليدواژه :
آرامگاه بوعلي سينا همدان , ميدان شهري , نقشه‌هاي رفتاري , قرارگاههاي رفتاري
چكيده فارسي :
نگاهي گذرا به عرصه هاي عمومي شهري اهميت ميدان به عنوان محيطي مصنوع در شهر را به ذهن متبادر ميسازد. محيطي كه بيش از آن كه نقش گره را در معادلات شهري بازي كند، به عنوان مكاني براي حضور اقشار مختلف جامعه و عرصه عيني بروز تعاملات اجتماعي پايدار، بستري براي همزيستي مسالمت آميز شهروندان و محلي براي گذران اوقات فراغت مردم شناخته ميشود. توسعه هاي شهري اخير، وسعت گرفتن شهرها و افزايش حضور وسايل نقيله شهري ميدانها را تنها به گره هايي در راستاي حل ترافيك موجود شهر بدل ساخته است. در حالي كه نخستين بار ميدان فقط براي انسان، حضور و ايجاد روابط اجتماعي در عرصه هاي شهري پديد آمد. ناديده گرفتن رابطه انسان و محيط به خصوص در ميادين شهري كه نقشي پر رنگ در فضاهاي شهري برعهده دارند از يك سو و جلوگيري از بي استفاده ماندن فضاهاي شهري، تبديل شدن عرصه هاي شهري به فضاهاي نگاشتي( عقلي و مهندسي) و عمدتاً گره هاي ترافيكي در سطوح شهرها از سوي ديگر ضرورت پژوهش حاضر را روشن ميسازد. بررسي رابطه ميان استفاده كنندگان و ويژگيهاي محيطي به دليل يافتن راه طراحي از الگوهاي قرارگاههاي رفتاري و كاربست آن در راستاي طراح يهاي هوشمندانه آتي در پروژه هاي شهري از اهداف اصلي اين تحقيق است. روش تحقيق به كار گرفته شده كاربردي است كه مبتني بر مطالعات اسنادي و مشاهدات غير درگيرانه محيطي و پيمايشي است. برداشته اي ميداني كه از مشاهده حضوري ادراك رفتار استفاده كنندگان به دست آمد، به وسيله نرمافزار SPSS 22 كمي شده و مورد تحليل و بررسي آماري قرار گرفت. نتايج نشان ميدهد، مردم به طور مساوي درگير ابعاد اجتماعي و فيزيكي ميدان بوعلي سينا هستند. استفاده كنندگان صحنه ها و قرارگاه هاي رفتاري را كه شرايطي مناسب براي گردهم آمدن، ايجاد رفتارهاي اجتماعي، محملي براي ديدار دوستان، آشنايان و افراد غريبه و فعاليتهاي متنوع و داراي معناي خاص و متحد باشند را ترجيح ميدهند.
چكيده لاتين :
A quick view of the public spaces in each city would reveal the role of the square as a built environment. Assessment of “city life” involves a qualitative evaluation of different activities and the way different people perform them (group or individual activities, state of activities, the time of each activity). An environment that plays the role of an urban node in cities is recognized as the place of presence of different social groups and the physical realm of sustainable social interaction. The latest urban developments, expansion of cities and increased number of vehicles make squares act as a node to solve the traffic problem of cities while the first-made squares were intended for the presence of humans and social relationships in urban realms. In fact, prior to addressing the effect of humans and environment (separately without considering their relationship) on urban design and urban space, it is essential to understand their relations, the ways they are related, and the causes and effects of such relationships. Indeed, human, environment and their relationship should be considered in the urban design process. The relation between humans and environment is a process that connects them and provides the possibility of social interactions. Urban space is full of actions and reactions of people with specific behaviors and behavior settings. People’s presence in public spaces and social communities, the dynamic behavior of users, increased people’s spirit and appropriate use of public space are helpful in having a prosperous and dynamic society. Therefore, human activity, as a determining factor in improving the form and meaning attributes of a place, can result in vitalizing and diversifying the place. The behavior setting theory announces that it can be considered as a basic unit for an environment that simultaneously includes physical and social factors in the whole frame and affects user behavior. Behavior settings are real units of environment that naturally occur and are identifiable for people inside those settings because they have relationships with their daily life. The significance of the relationship between humans and urban environment, especially squares that have a vital role in urban spaces, reveals the importance of this research. The primary goal of this research is reviewing the relationship between users and environmental quality in order to improve intelligent designs for people. This practical research applies such techniques as documentary review, non-participant observation and survey. Field notes were obtained through observation and perception of users’ behaviors. The obtained data was analyzed in SPSS22 software. The analyses, conducted for several distinct purposes, overlap to some extent, while, at the same time, leaving many other possible applications behind. While a design framework is often cited as the reason for conducting these analyses, a still more systematic way to approach behavior analyses in urban design is required with the potential to supplement and extend the traditional methods with new layers referring to temporary and spatial behavior. The result points out that people are equally involved with social and physical aspects of Bu Ali Sina square. The users prefer behavior settings that provide the grounds for gathering, creating social behaviors, visiting friends and strangers, and doing different activities with a unifying meaning.
