كليدواژه :
مسكن بومي لافت , پيكره‌بندي فضايي , گراف توجيهي , نحو (چيدمان) فضايي
چكيده فارسي :
هدف از اين پژوهش، دريافت پيكره‌بندي فضايي هماهنگ با روابط اجتماعي و فرهنگي مردم بومي لافت مي‌باشد. در پژوهش اخير از روش تحليلي نحو فضايي(چيدمان فضايي)، به‌منظور بررسي روابط فضاهاي مسكن بومي اين منطقه استفاده‌شده است. براي انتخاب نمونه‌هاي موردبررسي، ابتدا خانه‌ها از لحاظ نحوه استقرار حجم، به 4 دسته تقسيم‌شده و از هر دسته، 5 نمونه انتخاب گرديد. سپس در مقياسي از جزء به‌كل، با ترسيم نمودار توجيهي براي هر نمونه به‌وسيله نرم‌افزار «اي گراف»، ابتدا در «مقياس خرد»، مؤلفه‌هاي عمق، مرتبه نسبي، هم‌پيوندي، كنترل و نوع فضا ازنظر ارتباط مورد بررسي قرار گرفت. سپس در «مقياس مياني»، به بررسي مرتبه نسبي دوبه‌دوي فضاها پرداخته شد تا ميزان شدت ارتباط فضاها با يكديگر تعيين گردد. در «مقياس كلان» نيز، هر يك از مؤلفه‌هاي عمق نسبي، مرتبه نسبي و هم‌پيوندي براي كل بنا مورد بررسي واقع شدند.
عمق فضا بيانگر تعداد فضاهايي است كه بايد از ورودي طي گردد تا به فضاي موردنظر رسيد و بيانگر ميزان خصوصي بودن فضا مي‌باشد. درحالي‌كه مرتبه نسبي برابر تعداد فضاهايي است كه بايد از ساير فضاها طي گردد تا به فضاي موردنظر رسيد و به‌همراه هم‌پيوندي، ميزان اتصال فضاها به يكديگر را نمايش مي‌دهد.
براساس نتايج حاصل از اين بررسي، مشاهده شد خانه‌هاي منطقه، در كل داراي عمق كم و تك‌لايه بوده و سلسله‌مراتب فضايي آن‌ها چندان پيچيده نمي‌باشد. خانه‌ها داراي 2 هسته مركزي حياط و ايوان بوده كه به ترتيب مركز عرصه‌هاي سرويس‌دهنده و سرويس‌گيرنده مي‌باشند. هم‌چنين فضاهاي سرويس‌گيرنده، كه ايوان نقش اتصال آن‌ها را به مجموعه ايفا مي‌كند، خود با سلسله‌مراتبي خاص استقراريافته‌اند. به‌گونه‌اي كه مجلسي در كم‌ترين عمق و پس‌ازآن بادگير و درنهايت اتاق واقع‌شده است. هم‌چنين، اتاق با بيشترين عمق، از ساير فضاها خصوصي‌تر مي‌باشد. درمجموع، حياط و ايوان جزو فضاهاي عمومي، مجلسي نيمه عمومي و اتاق، بادگير، سرويس بهداشتي و انبار، جزو فضاهاي خصوصي مي‌باشند. هم‌چنين ايوان به‌عنوان فضاي كنترل براي ورود به فضاهاي خصوصي مجموعه محسوب مي‌گردد.
چكيده لاتين :
People and their behaviors are part of the residential environment, based on which the separation of these concepts in a research is erranous. The culture is configured through mechanisms such as the layout of spaces. Housing can provide users with their cultural values. Hence, various artifacts and their meanings become more important than performance in the design process. The purpose of this study is understanding the spatial configuration which is harmonious with social and cultural relations of native Laft residents.
: In order to realize the space configuration of native residential regions, Space Syntax analytical method is used in recent study. For this purpose, the houses were divided into 4 groups according to their placement and 5 samples were selected from each group for further studies. Consecutively, the justification graph for each sample was drawn with ‘A-Graph’ software. A justified graph is a diagramming technique for revealing the topology of a spatial organization. A justified graph organizes the spaces in a building in relationship to each other with the carrier at the bottom and the other spaces arranged in rows above corresponding to the number of steps in from the carrier. Some social features which are perceived through the justification graph is as follows:
-‘Depth’, which is Number of lines to a point from the carrier or any other point of reference, calculated by counting the number of steps (solid lines) from the carrier.
-‘Relative Asymmetry’ or ‘relative step’, which measures the tree-like quality of a justified graph
- Each space has n neighbors and each space gives 1/n control to each neighbor. The ‘control value’ for any point is the sum of values for each receiving space.
Using the graph results, the samples were studied in three scales: micro, medium and macro.
In micro scale, parameters including depth, integration, permeability, control, and space type were investigated. In the medium scale, the relative steps of each two spaces were used to determine the intensity of the relationship between spaces. and finally, the relative depth, the relative steps and the integration of the whole building were studied at the macro scale.
: Accordingly, in the vernacular part of this region, there are shallow homes with single-layer plans, for whigh the spatial hierarchy is not so complicated. The houses have two main cores which are the yard and the patio. Houses are divided in to two main clusters: client areas and server areas. In the client spaces, the porch connects them to each other, and therefore establishes their hierarchy. . Hence, the guest room is the shallowest room, and the wind catcher room and the bedrooms are located on the next levels. Rooms with the greatest depth, are the more private spaces. On the whole, the yard and the patio spaces are public spaces, Majlesi is semi-public, bedrooms, wind catcher room, bathroom and storage, are private spaces and patio space is a control space for entry into private spaces. Most of the house is dedicated to the performance spaces and only 15% of the closed space is allocated to communication.
