چكيده لاتين :
Despite its simple appearance, the Islamic city is one of the most challenging concepts studied in
scientific disciplines including architecture, urbanism and the history of art. Besides theories approving
or rejecting this concept, much research has been devoted to the study of the nature of the Islamic
city and similar concepts such as Middle East city, Arabic-Islamic City, Muslims’ city, Islamdom city,
Islamicate city, and such expressions in Persian literature as good-life city, city of God, divine city,
usury-free city etc. in order to present a specific definition of it by investigating its characteristics
and component parts. The importance of this concept is due to the fact that the viewpoints presented
about it have had a considerable role in any attempt for designing, planning, and organizing of cities
based on Islamic culture in the contemporary period and the Islamic city has been considered as
the key to the explanation of Islamic urbanism. On the other side, because of the history and the
reasons for the genesis and circulation of this expression resulted from the opinions of the primary
researchers of this concept, the Islamic city has always been influenced by issues that have led to its
becoming a stereotype from its very beginning in related studies. Based on this stereotype and the
claimed concept the possibility of using it in the contemporary city has been doubted. This study is to
Explaining the Characteristics and Components of Islamic City with Situational Analysis. Situational
Analysis is an extension of grounded theory, transnationally the most popular form of qualitative
analysis in the social sciences and humanities today. The situation of inquiry is to be empirically
constructed through the making of three kinds of maps and following through with analytic work
and memos of various kinds. situational maps lay out the major human, nonhuman, discursive, and
other elements in the research situation of inquiry and provoke analysis of relations among them;
social worlds/arenas maps lay out the collective actors and the arena(s) of commitment and discourse
within which they are engaged in ongoing negotiations—meso level interpretations of the situation;
and positional maps lay out the major positions taken, and not taken, in the data vis-à-vis particular
axes of difference, concern, and controversy around issues in the situation of inquiry. All three kinds
of maps are intended as analytic exercises, fresh ways into social science data that are especially well
suited to contemporary studies from solely interview-based to multi-sited research projects. They are
intended as supplemental to traditional grounded theory analyses that center on action. Instead, these
maps center on elucidating the key elements, discourses, structures, and conditions of possibility that characterize the situation of inquiry. Thus, situational analysis can deeply situate research projects
individually, collectively, social organizationally/ institutionally, temporally, geographically, materially,
discursively, culturally, symbolically, visually, and historically. The results of the study demonstrate that
as a situation have different actors’ actants and component including individual human actors, nonhuman
actants, collective human actors, implicated actors/actants. Discursive constructions, political elements,
symbolic elements, temporal elements, spatial elements, etc. On the other hand, this situation has different
social worlds and arenas. social worlds are groups with shared commitments to certain activities, sharing
resources of many kinds to achieve their goals and building shared ideologies about how to go about their
business. They are interactive units, worlds of discourse, bounded not by geography or formal membership
but by the limits of effective communication. Social worlds are fundamental building blocks of collective
action and the main units of analysis in such studies. In arenas, all the social worlds come together that
focus on a given issue and are prepared to act in some way. Ignoring of this Social world and arenas leads to
a rigid and limited understanding of Islamic city. Finally, there is positional maps. Positional maps analyze
the contested discourses in the situation, seeking especially to analyze silences. Positional maps assist
analysts in seeing complexity, variation, and heterogeneity in situations where once only binaries and/or
longstanding, oversimplified divisions may have appeared. This often enables analysts to see established
lines of controversy and division in fresh ways. This positional maps demonstrate that there is different
silent actors and untaken position about Islamic City. A comprehensive and inclusive explanation of Islamic
City should be figuring out this positions.
