پديد آورندگان :
مهدوي پور ،حسين دانشگاه يزد - دانشكده هنر و معماري , شريفي مهرجردي، علي اكبر دانشگاه يزد - دانشكده هنر و معماري , اسلامي نصرت آبادي، مريم دانشگاه يزد - دانشكده هنر و معماري
كليدواژه :
تزيينات , خانه شفيع پور يزد , ادراك فضا , فضاي سكونتي , كيفيت
چكيده فارسي :
يكي از عناصر كيفيت دهنده به فضاهاي سكونتي در دوره هاي مختلف تزيينات بوده، كه به اشكال متفاوتي تجلي يافته است. معماري در ادوار گوناگون محملي جهت حضور هنرهاي گوناگوني مانند خوشنويسي، گچبري، آينه‌كاري، نقاشي و ... بوده است. اين هنرها نقش مهمي در كيفيت دهي به فضاي هاي مسكوني داشته اند. بر اين اساس است كه امروزه آثار بسياري از هنرمندان بنام كشور در بدنه بناهاي تاريخي به يادگار مانده است. امروزه رويكردهاي مختلف معماري و تزيينات باعث جدا شدن اين هنرها شده و درنتيجه نقش هركدام از آن‌ها در كيفيتدهي به فضا از يكديگر تفكيك و كمرنگ گرديده است. در اين رابطه سوالي كه مطرح مي‌شود اين است كه تزيينات در گذشته چه نقشي در كيفيتدهي به فضاهاي سكونتي ايفا مينموده است؟ و پيرو اين سوال، سوال ديگري مطرح است كه آيا مي‌توان رابطهاي بين تزيينات و معماري جستجو كرد؟
پژوهش حاضر با بهرهگيري از روش توصيفي، تحليلي و پيمايشي با بررسي جايگاه تزيينات در يك مصداق معماري گذشته تلاش دارد رابطه تزيينات و كيفيت فضاي معماري را شناخته و معرفي نمايد. اين امر مهم با مطالعه ميداني و در نظر گرفتن خانه شفيعپور يزد به‌عنوان يك مصداق ارزشمند، به مطالعه نقش تزيينات به‌خصوص نقاشي در كيفيت فضاها و شيوه حضور اين هنرها در فضاهاي مختلف آن پرداخته و در ادامه با بررسي تزيينات موجود در فضاهاي اين خانه به دستهبندي انواع تزيينات به‌كار رفته در آن و توصيف هر كدام مي‌پردازد.
پژوهش حاضر يك نظام از شكل مواجه شدن با تزيينات جهت طراحي فضا را بيان كرده و جايگاه تزيينات در فضاي معماري را تبيين ميكند. نتيجه پژوهش نشان مي‌دهد كه تزيينات در كيفيت فضاي معماري نقش مهمي داشته كه مهمترين نقش آن بالا بردن صفات كيفي فضاست. همچنين داراي مولفه هاي مهمي است كه در مسير فرايند طراحي معماري جهت خوانايي و هويتدهي به فضاها نقش اساسي دارند و طراحان بايد به نوع تزيينات و ميزان آن متناسب با فضا توجه نمايند. اميد است نتايج حاصل از اين مقاله مورد استفاده طراحان و هنرمندان قرار گيرد.
چكيده لاتين :
One of the factors that gives quality to residential spaces in different periods, is decoration which is appearing in various kinds. In diverse periods, architecture provides a decent foundations for several other arts. Such as Calligraphy, Plaster molding, mirror decoration, Paintings and etc. These kinds of art have an important role by giving quality to the architectural spaces. According to this fact, lots of relics from Iranian famous artists are left as a memorial in historical places. Nowadays, different approaches of architecture and decoration disunites these arts, consequently, the role of each one in giving quality to space, is separated from each other and become less important. In this regard, a relevant question is What was the role of decoration in giving quality to residential space? and another question related to it, is; Is there any relationship between decoration and architecture? the other question is also, Was there any system or organization for the presence of decoration in the residential space?
To answer these kind of questions this paper investigates the state of decoration in past architecture. The authors had been using descriptive, analyzing and measurement methods in order to present the relation of decoration and architecture quality. On the other hand, evaluating the role of decoration especially wall-painting in the quality of residential space is the main purpose of this article. To achieve this goal, Yazd Shafipour house is chosen as a worthwhile case study. The authors have been used questionnaires, conducted interviews and documented their observations in order to obtain a precise investigation. Investigate the role of these decoration especially paintings in the quality of spaces and describes how these various “Art” is an uncountable noun. Replace “kinds of art” to make it countable. Appear in different spaces of Yazd Shafipour house. After that, by considering the decoration of this house, this paper classifies and describes all kinds of decoration that is used in Yazd Shafipour house. At the next step to evaluate the role of Yazd Shafipour house's decoration in the terms of its spaces, some questionnaires has been prepared and given to architecture students. Finally an analytical strategy has been has been employed and the result of these studies presents in the form of charts and tables. These results indicate that decorations have had a significant impact on the quality of the spaces in this house.
This article presents the order of facing with decoration for space designing. It also determines the importance of decoration in residential spaces. The final result indicates that decoration has a significant role in residential spaces. The most important role of decoration, especially wall-painting, is improving the quality of architectural space. It also has important components that play a fundamental role in the design process of architecture design for legibility and identity to the spaces, and designers must pay attention to the type of decorating and its amount proportional to space. The results of the studies showed that decoration have at least three different roles in the quality of a residential spaces:
1. Decoration promote the qualitative characteristics of space
With the advent of decorations, many qualitative features of space, such as artistic, imagination, complexity and diversity, are promoted.
2. Decoration moderate and then promote the qualitative characteristics of space
Decoration in the first stage acts as a moderator of qualitative characteristics of space, and in the second stage it improves the quality of space. The traits included in this category are: dignity, beauty and perfection.
3. Decoration moderate the qualitative characteristics of space
Decoration actually moderate some qualitative traits of space, and with increasing decorations the definite traits do not change. Traits that are balanced by decorations are: order, unity, calmness and greatness.
The results of this article will be used by designers and artists to give quality to the spaces they create.
