عنوان به زبان ديگر :
Evaluation of the Rural Relocation Plans from Environmental, Ecologic, Spatial and Functional Perspective; Case studies: Eslamieh and Andisheh Villages - Ilam Province
كليدواژه :
ارزيابي , مكانيابي , انديشه , اسلاميه , مدل اكولوژيكي
چكيده فارسي :
يكي از موضوعاتي كه در زمينه جابجايي يك سكونتگاه بسيار حائز اهميت و شايان توجه و از طرف ديگر كليدي‌ترين مراحل فرايند جابجايي مي‌باشد، انتخاب مناسب مكان جديد سكونتگاه است. زيرا نتايج اين تصميم در دراز مدت ظاهر شده و اثرات به‌سزايي در جنبه‌هاي مختلف دارد و شواهد نشان داده است كه سهلانگاري در مورد مكان‌گزيني سكونتگاه جديد، بارها موجب ضعف يا شكست برنامه هاي جابجايي شده است. روستاي اسلاميه واقع در شهرستان سيروان به‌دليل محدوديت فيزيكي، مشكلات كالبدي و بهداشتي و همچنين روستاي سرتنگ سفلي (انديشه) در شهرستان ايوان به‌دليل واقع شدن در حريم سد كنگير از جمله روستاهايي هستند كه در سنوات اخير در استان ايلام جابجا شده‌اند. هدف اين پژوهش كه از نوع توصيفي- تحليلي است، ارزيابي طرح‌هاي جابجايي روستاهاي فوق الذكر براساس معيارها و ضوابط محيطي- اكولوژيكي و فضايي - عملكردي مكانيابي با استفاده از مدل اكولوژيكي شهري، روستايي و صنعتي روش مك هارگ و معيارهاي پيشنهادي مي‌باشد. نتايج اين پژوهش، نشانگر اين است كه از نظر اكثر معيارهاي مورد بررسي، روستاهاي مورد مطالعه در شرايط مناسب و نيمه مناسب قرار دارند ولي روستاي اسلاميه از نظر شيب و روستاي‌انديشه از نظر قرار گرفتن در اراضي كشاورزي مرغوب در شرايط نامناسب قرار دارند. لذا با توجه به اينكه مكانيابي يك سكونتگاه در مكاني كه همه استانداردها را دارا باشد، در بعضي مناطق بسيار مشكل و حتي غير ممكن مي‌باشد، نتيجه‌گيري مي‌شود كه مكانيابي روستاهاي مورد مطالعه از نظر معيارهاي مورد نظر، مناسب بوده است و فرضيه اين تحقيق تأييد مي‌گردد.
چكيده لاتين :
In the course of history, movement of rural homes was a common phenomenon. This phenomenon had several reasons such as natural disasters, provision of better natural resources, war, development projects, etc. Allocation of the new habitat was a vital decision and a critical step in the process of relocation due to its long term affects the lifestyle and livelihood of the inhabitants. Former experiences showed that inappropriate human settlement planning and provision has led to the failure of several relocation plans in the national scale. However, there are guidelines for relocation planners and officials to consider crucial factors and planning criteria. Among them the reduction of vulnerability, proximity to facilities and infrastructures, accessibility as well as favorable topography for construction and ecological capacity are noteworthy. This also includes operational factors for relocating rural settlements such as distance from natural resources, land provision, geographical orientation, percentage of slope, etc. Eslamieh and Andisheh as suburban villages of Sirvan and Eiyvan Cities had several physical and hygiene issues. They were also faced with topographical limitation for expansion due to nearby dam construction and as a result have been relocated into new locations within Ilam province.
The purpose of this descriptive-analytical study is to evaluate the rural relocation plans based on the environmental, ecological, spatial, and performance criteria through Model of McHarg. The main criteria include climate, landform, geology, water resources, and infrastructures. The findings revealed that considering several criteria, the villages are in appropriate and semi-appropriate conditions. However, the results also showed that Eslamieh could be assessed inappropriate from the perspective of slope percentage and Andisheh from the perspective of fertile agricultural lands. In total, since residential fabric relatively has most of the criteria passed, it can be concluded that the relocation plans of these villages could be considered successful. Finally, some practical suggestions were proposed for promoting living conditions in these villages regarding the discussed criteria.
