تاثير مداخله مبتني بر توانمند سازي خانواده محور برشدت تهديد درك شده در مراقبين بيماران مبتلا به سكته مغزي: ﻳﻚ مطالعه نيمه تجربي

The effect of family-centered empowerment intervention on perceived severity of threat in caregivers of patients with stroke: a semi experimental study

مقدمه: اعضاي خانواده بيماران مبتلا به سكته مغزي به علت مواجهه ناگهاني با سكته مغزي اتخاذ نقش جديد به عنوان مراقب بيمار، علاوه برتحمل فشار و استرس جسمي و روحي دچار اختلال در فعاليتهاي اجتماعي مي شوند. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسي تاثير مداخله مبتني برتوانمندسازي خانواده محور بر شدت تهديد درك شده مراقبين بيماران مبتلا به سكته مغزي انجام شد. روش كار: اﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ نيمه تجربي دو گروهي قبل و بعد ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ 88 ﻣﺮاﻗـﺐ از ﻣﺒﺘﻼﻳـﺎن ﺑـﻪ ﺳـﻜﺘﻪ ﻣﻐـﺰي اﻧﺠـﺎم ﺷـﺪ شركت كنندگان ﺑـﺎ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﻴﺮي در دﺳﺘﺮس اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﻲ در ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎي كنترل (44 ﻧﻔﺮ) و مداخله (44 ﻧﻔﺮ) ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. اﺑـﺰار ﭘـﮋوﻫﺶ ﺷـﺎﻣﻞ: مشخصات فردي، مقياس بارتل و پرسشنامه شدت تهديد درك شده بود. كه قبل و يك ماه بعد از مداخله توسط كليه مراقبين تكميل شد. ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ آﻣﻮزﺷﻲ در ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎي 11 ﻧﻔﺮي در دو ﺟﻠﺴﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ آزﻣﻮنﻫﺎي مجذوركاي، تي مستقل و زوجي در سطح اطمينان 95% تحليل شد. يافته ها: ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﻧﻤﺮات شدت تهديد درك شده ﮔـﺮوه ﻫـﺎي كنترل و مداخله در بدو ورود به مطالعه اﺧـﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨـﻲ داري وﺟـﻮد ﻧﺪاﺷـﺖ (941/0 P= ). اما يك ماه پس از مداخله، تفاوت معناداري در ميزان شدت تهديد درك شده در سه بعد جسمي، روحي و اجتماعي در گروه كنترل نسبت به مداخله مشاهده شد( 05/0 > P ). نتيجه نهايي: مداخله مبتني بر توانمندسازي خانواده محور ﻣـﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧـﺪ ﻣﻨﺠـﺮ ﺑـﻪ كاهش فشار مراقبتي و استرس هاي جسمي و روحي و انزواي اجتماعي مراقبين بيماران مبتلا به سكته مغزي مي گردد.

Background: Family members of patients with cerebral infarction experience disruptions in their social activities enduring physical and mental pressure and stress due to their sudden encounter with stroke and the adopting of a new role as caregiver. present study was conducted to determine the effect of family-centered empowerment intervention on perceived severity of threat in caregivers of patients with stroke. Methods: The present semi-empirical study with a before and after design was conducted in two groups of 88 caregivers in total selected through convenience sampling and randomly divided into a case group and a control groups of equal size (n=44). The research tool consisted of a demographic characteristics questionnaire, the Bortle scale and the perceived severity of threat questionnaire, which were completed before and then one month after the educational intervention by all the caregivers. The educational intervention was conducted in groups of 11 and over 2 sessions. Data were analyzed using the chi-squared test and the paired and independent t-tests at the confidence level of 95%. Result: There were no significant differences between the mean scores of perceived severity of threat in the groups before the intervention (P=0.941). One month after the intervention, however, significant differences were observed in the mean scores of perceived severity of threat in the three dimensions, namely the social, physical and spiritual dimensions, in the case group compared to the controls (P<0.05). Conclusion: Family-centered empowerment interventions can reduce care pressures and physical and mental stresses and social isolation in caregivers of patients with stroke.