كليدواژه :
معرفي نسخة خطي خلاصةالمقامات , تصحيح خلاصۀالمقامات , شيخ احمد جام , علاءالمُلك
چكيده فارسي :
خلاصه المقامات تأليفي است دربارۀ احوال شيخ احمد جام (ژنده پيل) مشتمل بر سه مقاله حاوي سي و چهار باب و يك فصل. علاءالملك جامي- از نوادگان شيخ احمد جام- اين تأليف را با الهام از اشاره جد خود در سال 840 هجري قمري و در روزگار شاهرخ بهادر تيموري(14 ربيع الثاني 776- ذي الحجه 850 هـ ق)، تأليف نموده و به وي تقديم كرده است. علاءالملك در تأليف اين كتاب علاوه بر مقامات محمّد غزنوي- كه آن هم شرحي از مقامات احمد جام است- از چهار مقامات به نام هاي: مقامات امام رضي الدّين الياس تايبادي، مقامات شيخ احمد ترخستاني، مقامات درويش علي بوزجاني و مقامات تاج الدّين محمود بوزجاني استفاده نموده؛ همچنين از تاريخ خواجه محمّد هيصم، جامع الاصول، بعضي از صحاح ستّه و مسانيد اربعه و ظاهراً ديوان چند تن از شعرا از جمله عطار نيشابوري و همچنين برخي تأليفات شيخ جام (انس التّايبين، سراج السّايرين، روضه المذنبين، كنوز الحكمه، مفتاح النّجات و بحارالحقيقه و همچنين مجموعه اشعار شيخ جام) بهره برده است. به علاوه اين كتاب داراي فوايد عرفاني، جغرافيايي، تاريخي و ويژگي هاي خاص سبكي و زباني است كه در مقاله بدانها اشاره شده است. از خلاصه المقامات چند نسخۀ خطي موجود است، از جملۀ آن ها مي توان به نسخه خطي كتابخانۀ گنج بخش لاهور، نسخه خطي دانشكده الهيات مشهد و نسخۀ مجلس شوراي اسلامي اشاره كرد كه مقاله در جاي خود به معرفي آن ها پرداختـه است.
چكيده لاتين :
Kholasatol-Maqamat is a manuscript on spiritual stations of famous mystic and Sofi, Sheikh Ahmad Jam. This manuscript has been written by Ab ol-Makarem Ibn Ala’ ol-MolkJami, one of Sheikh Ahmad's descendants, in the time of Shahrokh Mirza’s reign (840) to whom that manuscript was presented.
The style of this book is similar to that of Asrar ot-Towhid and as it appears from its name, it is a concise of some books on maqamat written in Sheikh Jam's time. Therefore, maqamt is a name applied generally to papers written about spiritual stations of special characters. Historically, it so happened that this work probably belongs to Sheikh Ahmad's time, because at that time or afterwards some books have been written on his spiritual stations which wewill point out. Webelieve works of this kind which has been written afterwards, such as Asrar ot-Towhid on Abu Saeed'sspiritual stations are affected by the method of maqamat-writing in the time of Ahmad Jam, and Kholasatol-Maqamat is an anthology of early works on this subject.
To write this book, Ala’ ol-Molk, in addition to Mohammad Ghaznavi's Maqamat which is a description of the Ahmad Jam's Maqamat, has used four Maqamats: Imam razi od-Din Ilias Taybadi's Maqamat, Sheikh Ahmad Tarkhestani's Maqamat, Taj ed-Din Mahmoud buzjani's Maqamat and Darwish Ali Buzjani's Maqamat.
Moreover, he has benefited from Khaje Mohammad Heisam’s History, Jame’ ol-Osul, Some of Sihahe Sitte and Masanid Arba’e, apparently complete works of Several poets including Sheikh Attar Neishaburi and also some works of Sheikh Jam (Ons ot-Taebin, Seraj os-Sa’erin, Rawzat ol-Moznebin, Konuz ol-Hekme, Miftah on-Nijat, Bihar ol-Haqiqe and a collection of Sheikh Jam’s poems). Additionally, this book contains mystical, geographical, historical benefits and stylistic and lingual characteristics.
This manuscript is distinguishable for some reasons such as availability of some other manuscripts titled maqamat of which the author made used, all have been written in jam's time by his cohorts. Each of them has a great value, since that time is probably the beginning of writing maqamat. Because on the basis of notes remained, Ala’ol-Molk has used four maqamats named Imam Razi od-Din Ilias Taibadi, Sheikh Ahmad Tarkhestani, Darvish Ali Buzjani that now there is no information about. This point increases the value of Kholasatol-Maqamat.
He had also some of his ancestor's works that contain more accurate and detailed subjects as well as more complete information about family and descendents of Sheikh than Mohammad Ghaznavi's Maqamat.
Three manuscripts of Kholasatol-Maqamat are available with different mode of hand writing: Manuscript in Ganj Bakhsh library of Lahur, manuscript in theology faculty of University of Mashhad and digital library of parliament.
Finally, necessary to say, this manuscript indicates Sheikh's spiritual stations happened to and written by his cohorts at that time. Since that papers except Mohammad Ghaznavi's Maqamat have been disappeared, Kholasatol-Maqamat which is the extract of those maqamats could be known as the most important and exquisite manuscript about Sheikh's spiritual stations and Keramat.
Actually, recognition, introduction and emendation of this manuscript will be an effective and fruitful step to know more about Sheikh Ahmad Jam and his spiritual stations and tunes and the style of writing maqamat which is of high importance for researchers in getting information about Sheikh's dignity and styles of writing maqamat. There is a hope that this book has the success of unveiling.
