بررسي نشانه معناشناختي داستان ليلي و مجنون جامي بر پاية تحليل گفتمان

Semiotic study of Jami’s Layla and Majnun story on the basis of discourse analysis

تحليل نشانه ‌معناشناختي، به بررسي نحوة ارتباط نشانه‌هاي زباني در نظام گفتماني و در سطحي فراتر از جمله مي‌پردازد. اين تحليل نشان مي­دهد كه يك نشانه در ارتباط با ساير نشانه‌هاي گفتماني و در نظام كلي گفتمان چه فرايندي را طي مي­كند تا داراي معناي خاصي شود. در اين ميان بررسي عناصري كه زمينه‌ساز شكل‌گيري معنا هستند، اهميت اساسي دارد. عناصري مانند شكل‌هاي بيروني و دروني گفتمان، بعد پوياي كلام، انواع گفتمان، نقش فعل‌هاي موثر در گفتمان، فرايند تنشي كلام، كنشگران، انواع كنش­ها، ارتباط عناصر در محور جانشيني و همنشيني و مانند آن، ابزارهاي موثر در تحليل­هاي نشانه‌معناشناختي به شمار مي‌آيند. در اين پژوهش كوشيده‌ايم برخي از اين عناصر معناساز را در داستان ليلي و مجنون به روايت جامي بيابيم و با بررسي اين عناصر، نخست نشان دهيم، نشانه‌هاي گفتماني در اين داستان چه فرايندي را طي مي­كنند تا منجر به شكل‌گيري ساختار معنايي داستان شوند؛ دوم، انواع گفتمان در اين داستان را بكاويم؛ سوم، با بررسي ساختار روايي داستان به ابرساختار يا جان‌ماية متن دست يابيم.

Sign-semantic analysis checks the relationship between language signs in the Dialogue system and beyond Sentence. This analysis shows that a sign associated with other discourse signs follow up what process with a special meaning. In the meantime, checking the elements that underlie the formation of meaning is crucial. Effective tools to analyze the sign-semantics include many elements such as: Internal and external forms of discourse, the dynamic word of dialogue, the role of effective verbs in the discourse, the word stress process, actors, types of actions, relationship of elements in succession and juxtaposition Axis, etc. In this study, we have tried to find some of the elements of meaning in the story of Layla and Majnun narrative Jami. and we check these elements show: first: signs of a discourse on the story pass what process to the forming Semantic structure. Secondly, we explored the types of discourse in this story. Third, we check the structure of narrative text to achieve the superstructure or essence. Methods based on classification and discourse analysis and semantic elements in the story of Layla and Majnun. In the process of discourse analysis we take full advantage of the mode of Sha’iry in the book Fundamentals of modern semantics. For this purpose, the general framework of analysis is classified in four chains. Leili and Majnoon of meaning elements such as inside and outside of verbal language factors, the word dynamic, active persuasion, the value of the word, of discourse factors, stress the word, the word value, verbs effective role in the dialogue, the process of succession and juxtaposition of word and so on in the form of the four chains were studied. Leili and Majnoon of Jami’s sign-semantic analysis in four analytical chain in the context of this study achieved the following results: 1) The basic narrative in the story of Layla and Majnun, based on the change from the unbalanced situation (separation) to the balanced (Joiner). 2) The dominant discourse in the story of Layla and Majnun of induction or prescriptive discourse. Persuasion activity in a few steps and two villages to assist the hero and create an obstacle to hero, from both the opposition and anti-agent agent takes place. In this regard, the sensory-perceptual and sensory-motor causes create cognitive structure in hero. Three effective actions_ desire, ability and knowledge_ play a decisive role in the process of action of story elements. The agent knows that he has the ability of unio‎n with the object value. Here we are faced with two current knowledge and ability. Since the beginning of the story, asking a subject raises challenges and pave the way for future events in the story. Hero catches up in every possible way to attain the object's value. Don'ts barrier of traditional social and tribal prejudices is against the will of the subject. The protagonist in the conflict between the desire and the traditional social norms, not the fate of the story. Prejudices tribal and clan relations cause to preventing of Lily's father to her marriage to Majnoon. Here we face to ought verb. So two effective verbs” want and ought are central verbs in the story of Layla and Majnun. 3) Subjective factor is In the case of discharge with true love and unio‎n with separation (injury). Discourse and functioning with secondary factors story for the purpose of disjunction of separation and unio‎n with true love and takes place.