ﻃﺮح رﯾﺰي ﭘﺮوژه ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯿﺰاﺳﯿﻮن ﻣﺤﺼﻮل ﻫﻮﯾﺞ ﺑﺎ ﻓﻨﻮن ﺷﺒﮑﻪﻫﺎي CPM و PERT

Mechanization Project Planning for Carrot Product Using PERT and CPM Networks

در ﭘﺮوژهﻫﺎي ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯿﺰاﺳﯿﻮن ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﻻزم و ﺿﺮوري اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎت و ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎي ﭘﺮوژه ﺑﺎ ﯾﮏ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﻣﻌﯿﻦ و در ﯾﮏ ﺑﺎزه زﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ و ﮐﻮﺗﺎه اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﯿﺮد، در ﻏﯿﺮ اﯾﻦ ﺻﻮرت ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪﻫﺎي ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ اﻧﺠﺎم ﻧﺸﺪن ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎت ﭘﯿﺶ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ آﻣﺪ. ﺑﺮاي ﮐﺎﺳﺘﻦ از ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺰﺑﻮر، ﻃﺮح رﯾﺰي ﻋﻠﻤﯽ و اﺻﻮﻟﯽ ﭘﺮوژهﻫﺎي ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯿﺰاﺳﯿﻮن راه ﺣﻞ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﯽ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. در ﺻﻨﺎﯾﻊ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ از ﻓﻨﻮن ﻋﻠﻢ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﭘﺮوژه ﺑﺮاي ﻃﺮح رﯾﺰي ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﯿﺖ و رﺿﺎﯾﺖ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه و ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. رﻫﯿﺎﻓﺖ اﺳﺎﺳﯽ در ﻫﻤﻪ ﺷﯿﻮهﻫﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺷﺒﮑﻪﻫﺎ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﯾﯽ و ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖﻫﺎي زﯾﺎد ﺷﺒﮑﻪﻫﺎي ﭘﺮت و ﺳﯽ ﭘﯽ ام از آنﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان اﺑﺰاري ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪ در ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ رﯾﺰي و زﻣﺎنﺑﻨﺪي ﭘﺮوژه ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯿﺰاﺳﯿﻮن ﻣﺤﺼﻮل ﻫﻮﯾﺞ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯿﺰه ﻣﺤﺼﻮل ﻫﻮﯾﺞ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت و دادهﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﻧﯿﺎز ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﺷﺪ. ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎي ﭘﺮوژه ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه و WBS آن ﻧﯿﺰ ﺗﺮﺳﯿﻢ ﺷﺪ. در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﭘﺮت و ﺳﯽ ﭘﯽ ام ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮوژه ﺗﺮﺳﯿﻢ ﺷﺪه و ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﻧﺸﺎن دادﻧﺪ اﯾﻦ ﭘﺮوژه داراي 25 ﻣﺴﯿﺮ ﺑﺤﺮاﻧﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و زودﺗﺮﯾﻦ زﻣﺎن اﺗﻤﺎم ﭘﺮوژه 187/5 روز و وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ و اﻧﺤﺮاف ﻣﻌﯿﺎر آن ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 26 و 5/09 ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻣﺪل ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ، ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﯾﯽ ﭘﺎﺳﺦﮔﻮﯾﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺆاﻻت آﻣﺎري را دارد و دﯾﺪ روﺷﻨﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺪﯾﺮ ﭘﺮوژه ﺟﻬﺖ اﺗﺨﺎذ ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻤﺎت ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﻣﯽآورد ﺗﺎ در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ اﺟﺮا ﻃﺒﻖ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪرﯾﺰي ﭘﺮوژه ﭘﯿﺶ رﻓﺘﻪ و ﺑﺘﻮاﻧﺪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮل را در زﻣﺎن ﻣﻄﻠﻮب ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯿﺰه و ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺮه وري ﺑﺎﻻ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ.

In agricultural mechanization projects, operations and practices should be accomplished in a certain sequence as well as in a short time period. Otherwise, the expenses due to the timeliness of the practices will be created. To prevent these expenses, scientific planning of the projects is an appropriate solution. In different industries, project management principles are employed for satisfactory planning. The basic insight in whole approaches is the use of networks. In this research, PERT and CPM networks due to high capabilities have been used as robust tools for planning and timing the carrot production mechanization. In this regard, required data and information were gathered. The project activities were determined and WBS was drawn. Finally, PERT and CPM networks related to the project were illustrated and analyzed. Results showed this project has 25 critical paths and the earliest time to complete the project is 187.5 days and the variance and standard deviation values were 26 and 5.09, respectively. The model of the present network is capable to answer statistical questions and provide a bright insight for the project manager to make timely decisions. Consequently, the mechanized carrot production project goes ahead as programmed with high productivity.