نقش استرس در آمادگي براي درمان وابستگي به مواد مخدر بر مبناي مدل اعتقاد بهداشتي

Role of stress in treatment readiness of drug dependence based on Health Belief Model

ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ و ﻫﺪف: واﺑﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮاد ﻣﺨﺪر از ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ آﺳﯿﺐ ﻫﺎي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﻌﻀﻞ زﯾﺴﺘﯽ، رواﻧـﯽ و اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﻣﻄﺮح ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮدد. رواﺑﻂ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﯽ ﺑﺮ درﻣﺎن ﻣﻌﺘﺎدان ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. اﯾﻦ رواﺑـﻂ در ﺻـﻮرت ﻧﺎﺳـﺎﻟﻢ ﺑﻮدن ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ اﺳﺘﺮس ﻫﺎي روزاﻧﻪ ﺷﺪه و آﻣﺎدﮔﯽ ﺑﺮاي درﻣﺎن واﺑﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮاد را ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ ﻣﯽ آورد. اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌـﻪ ﺑـﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﻧﻘﺶ اﺳﺘﺮس در آﻣﺎدﮔﯽ ﺑﺮاي درﻣﺎن واﺑﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮاد در ﺷﻬﺮ ﻫﻤﺪان ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎي ﻣـﺪل اﻋﺘﻘـﺎد ﺑﻬﺪاﺷـﺘﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻣﻮاد و روش ﻫﺎ: اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﻘﻄﻌﯽ (ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ) در ﺳﺎل 1392 ﺑﺮ روي 118 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﻣﻌﺘﺎدان ﺷﻬﺮ ﻫﻤﺪان اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺳﺎده ﺑﻮد. ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺧﻮدﮔﺰارش دﻫﯽ و ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺗﮑﻤﯿـﻞ ﺷـﺪ. اﺑـﺰار ﺟﻤﻊ آوري داده ﻫﺎ ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺪل اﻋﺘﻘﺎد ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﯽ، آﻣﺎدﮔﯽ ﻣﻌﺘﺎدان ﺑﺮاي درﻣﺎن و اﺳﺘﺮس روزاﻧﻪ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ: ﺑﯿﻦ ﺳﺎزه ﻫﺎي ﺷﺪت درك ﺷﺪه در ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ اﺳﺘﺮس و ﺧﻮدﮐﺎرآﻣﺪي ﺑﺮاي درﻣﺎن واﺑﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑـﻪ ﻣـﻮاد ﺑـﺎ ﻣﯿﺰان آﻣﺎدﮔﯽ ﻣﻌﺘﺎدان ﺑﺮاي درﻣﺎن راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري ﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﺷﺪ (0/001<=P-value). ﺑﺎ اﻓـﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﯿـﺰان ﺧﻮدﮐﺎرآﻣـﺪي (0/41=r) و ﺷﺪت درك ﺷﺪه (0/17=r)، ﻣﯿﺰان آﻣﺎدﮔﯽ درﻣﺎن واﺑﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮاد اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﯽﯾﺎﺑﺪ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي: ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎي آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ اﺳﺘﺮس ﺑﺮ ﻣﯿﺰان آﻣـﺎدﮔﯽ درﻣﺎن واﺑﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮاد، ﺑﺎ ﺗﺄﮐﯿﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺳﺎزه ﻫﺎﯾﯽ از ﻣﺪل اﻋﺘﻘﺎد ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﺶ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ را دارﻧﺪ ﺗﺪوﯾﻦ ﮔﺮدد.

Introduction: Drug dependence is one of the most social pathologies that it is discussed as a problem of biological, psychological and social. Social and family relationships are effective in treatment of addicts. If unhealthy relationships are used, increase daily stress and decrease treatment readiness of drug dependence. This study was performed to determine role of stress in treatment readiness of drug dependence based on Health Belief Model in Hamadan. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study (descriptive – analytical), was conducted on 118 addicts of Hamadan in 2013. Sampling was simple random. Questionnaires were completed with self-report and interview. Data gathering tools were included: Questionnaire designed based on HBM constructs, Readiness to Treatment Questionnaire, Perceived Stress Scale. T-test and Regression test were used to assess hypotheses and SPSS-16 to analyze data. Results: Regression test showed statistically significant relationship between perceived severity of stress impact and self-efficacy for treatment of drug dependence with treatment readiness of drug dependence (P≤0.05). By increasing self-efficacy (r=0. 41) and perceived severity (r=0.17), increases treatment readiness of drug dependence. Results: Regression test showed statistically significant relationship between perceived severity of stress impact and self-efficacy for treatment of drug dependence with treatment readiness of drug dependence (P≤0.05). By increasing self-efficacy (r=0. 41) and perceived severity (r=0.17), increases treatment readiness of drug dependence.