تصفيه شيميايي فاضلاب ناشي از كاربرد امولسيون روغن - آب در صنعت

Chemical Treatment of Oil-Water Emulsion (O/W)

In metal machining, a fluid is required to both lubricate and cool the tool and work piece. In many operations the fluid used is an oil water emulsion. During use it can not be discharged to most sewers (because of high COD and BOD). Their effluents could cause undesirable environmental effects. The oil forms the microemulsion (O/W) with water in different proportions. This is made possible by the aid of surfactants. Inversely, the addition of electrolyts cause the breakage of microemulsion. In this case, it is possible to separate aqueous phase from organic phase. This separation can decrease 98% of COD and BOD. The adaptability of this process to large and small scale applications should be very interesting for countries such as Iran where is in lack of sewage system, and industrial companies are usually situated in the urban areas. This paper describe the type of laboratory tests for the treatment of these effluents. During the test, effects of different electrolyts (HC1, H2SO4, NaCl, MgSO4. 7(1120), FeCL3, Al2(SO4)3. 18(H20) and their concentrations on breakage of microemulsion, was determined. The achieved results showed that mechanisms responsible for destablization of colloids depend to the valence of the ions having a charge opposite to that of the colloid and separation of these phases (Oil-Water) can reduce the pollution about 98%.