مقايسه حمايت اجتماعي ادراك شده، اضطراب و استرس مادران كودكان كاشت حلزوني، داراي سمعك و شنوايي عادي

Comparison of Perceived Social Support, Anxiety and Stress in Mothers of Children with Cochlear Implants, Hearing Aids and Normal Hearing

پژوهش حاضر به منظور مقايسه حمايت اجتماعي ادراك شده، اضطراب و استرس مادران كودكان كاشت حلزوني، داراي سمعك و شنوايي عادي انجام شد. پژوهش حاضر از نوع علي مقايسه اي بود. جامعه آماري اين پژوهش را مادران كودكان كاشت حلزوني، داراي سمعك و شنوايي عادي تشكيل دادند. در اين پژوهش 60 مادر 28 تا 38 ساله شركت كرده بودند به نحوي كه آن ها به سه گروه 20 نفري تقسيم شدند. گروه اول و دوم به ترتيب از مادران كودكان كاشت حلزون شده و داراي سمعك بودند كه به روش نمونه گيري در دسترس انتخاب شده بودند؛ درحالي كه گروه سوم، مادران كودكان با شنوايي طبيعي بودند و به روش تصادفي ساده انتخاب شده بودند. ابزارهاي اين پژوهش مقياس حمايت اجتماعي ادراك شده و مقياس تعيين افسردگي، اضطراب، استرس بود. داده ها با استفاده از تحليل واريانس چند متغيري تحليل شد. يافته ها نشان داد كه حمايت اجتماعي ادراك شده در مادران كودكان داراي سمعك به طور معناداري بيشتر از مادران كودكان كاشت حلزوني بود اضطراب و استرس مادران كودكان داراي سمعك به طور معناداري كمتر از مادران كودكان كاشت حلزوني بود و شرايط مادران كودكان با شنوايي طبيعي نيز نسبت به اين دو گروه بهتر بود.

Aim: The purpose of the present study was to comparing perceived social support, anxiety and stress in mothers of children with cochlear implants, hearing aids and normal hearing.Methods: The present research was a causal-comparative research. The study population included of mothers of children with cochlear implants, hearing aids and normal hearing. 60 mothers aged 28-38 years participated in this study. They were divided into three groups and each group contains 20 mothers. First and second group were selected, ordinarily, from mothers of children with cochlear implants and hearing aids by convenient sampling method; while that third group were selected from mothers of children with normal hearing by randomly method. The instruments of this research were perceived social support scale and depression anxiety stress scales (DASS-21). Data were analyzed by MANOVA.Results: findings showed that perceived social support in mothers of children with hearing aids was significantly more than the mothers of children with cochlear implants(P>0.05). Anxiety and stress in these mothers were significantly less than the mothers of children with cochlear implants and Condition of mothers of normal hearing children was better than the others groups (P>0.05).Conclusion: Perceived social support in mothers of children with normal hearing was more than the mothers of children with cochlear implants and hearing aids. Also, their anxiety and stress was less than the others. Therefore, requires specific rehabilitation program in order to increase perceived social support and decrease anxiety and stress in mothers of children with hearing impairment and hearing aids.