موضعگيري برتولت برشت نسبت به مسايل سياسي و اجتماعي روز در اشعار آغازين او

Bertolt Brecht's position regarding political and social issues of era in his early poems

نمايشنامه‌هاي برتولت برشت با ويژگي‌هاي ناارسطويي خود، وي را در ادبيات آلمان و جهان بيشتر به عنوان نمايشنامه‌نويسي پيشرو و خوش ذوق مطرح كرده است تا شاعري رومانتيك. اما اشعار وي نيز، به دليل غناي محتوايي آن، در خور بررسي دقيق هستند. اشعار برشت نيز همچون نمايشنامه‌هاي او نوعي واكنش به مسايل سياسي، اجتماعي و اقتصادي روز هستند و مي‌توان آنها را سندي بر تفكر سياسي او دانست. اشعار متقدم برشت به خاطر نگرش سياسي وي خواننده را به چالش با اوضاع سياسي، اقتصادي و اجتماعي زمان وامي‌دارد، بررسي اين نكته مي تواند آيينه اي باشد براي نمايش سير تفكر برتولت برشت در آثار غنايي و نمايشي وي. سير تفكر برتولت برشت در ادبيات غنايي وي نشان از آن دارد كه اشعار متقدم وي بيانگر انتقاد شديد و بي پرده از اوضاع نابسامان سياسي و اجتماعي در نخستين سال‌هاي پس از جنگ جهاني اول و عصيان عليه نظام بورژوازي حاكم است.

Although Bertolt Brecht's dramas with the non-Aristotelian characteristics represented him mainly as a pioneer playwright rather than a romantic poet in German and world literature, his poems also content richness and such a literacy that need a precise attention and more consideration. Brecht's poems as like as his dramas are reflections of the political, social, and economical issues of the time which can be regarded as a proof of his political aspects of view that make readers challenge with political, economic and social circumstances of the specific era. Instead of phantasy elements represent Brecht’s poems social and political issues of the day with a rude, more and less aggressive and even obscene ton. Analyzing Bertolt Brecht's poems reflects the way and method of his thinking which express his early poems are criticizing vigorously the chaotic, political and social conditions of early years after the First World War and revolts against the ruling bourgeoisie system.