جايگاه الهه مادر در فرهنگ مردم كردستان

The Position of the Mother Goddess in the Culture and Ideology of the People of Kurdistan

حوزۀ فرهنگي كردستان سرزمين نخستين آيين ها و نظام هاي انتزاعي است كه در نخستين طليعه هاي خود با ويژگي زنانه و ارج مقام الهۀ مادر پيوند خورده است. جايگاه زن در كردستان دو وجه متناقض دارد؛ در ادبيات و نظام اجتماعي كنوني تا حدي شاهد نظام و ايدئولوژي مردسالار هستيم، اما زماني كه ريشه هاي آييني و مذهبي فرهنگ كُرد را مطالعه مي‌كنيم، با شواهد مربوط به نظام مادرسالاري و تقدس الهگان و به‌ تبع آن جايگاه معنوي و مقتدر زن مواجه مي‌شويم. از ويژگي‌هاي انواع آثار مادي و غير مادي الهۀ مادر آن است كه به‌شدت وجه نمادين و انتزاعي دارد. اين نمادها وجه تركيبي دارند و در طول اعصار متحول شدهاند و امروز نيز بن مايه هاي اصلي ادبيات غني و هنرهاي سنتي كُردها را به خود اختصاص داده اند.

Spirituality and religious status of women in Kurdistan have many different aspects. For centuries, the goddess of mother, and his holiness, as a symbol of respect and importance of women, is in the midst of Kurdish culture and worldview. The cultural zone of Kurdistan is the land of the first religions and abstract systems which, in their dawnings, have been mixed with feminine characteristics and the honors of the mother goddess. The position in Kurdistan in this regard has two contradictory facets: in the literature and the present social system, we can observe a patriarchal system and ideology to some extent. Studying the religious roots of Kurdish culture, however, we can observe the evidence for the maternal system, the sanctity of goddesses, and consequently the spiritual and powerful position of the woman. Among the characteristics of all the material and immaterial works relevant to the woman and the mother goddess, we can find strong symbolic and abstract nature. These symbols have mixed features and have evolved over time, and today they comprise the main sources of the rich literature and traditional arts of the Kurds.