حجيت مرسلات محمد بن ابي عمير با رويكردي بر ديدگاه امام خميني(س)

Authentication of Ibn Abi Omair’s Mursalat with an Approach Based on Imam Khomeini’s Viewpoints

برخي از دانشمندان شيعه بر اين باورند كه ابن ابي عمير جز از راويان ثقه نقل حديث نمي‌كند؛ بنابراين در صورتي كه واسطه را در زنجيره روايات حذف نموده، روايت را به شكل مرسل بياورد، حكايت از وثاقت او دارد. بر اين اساس بسياري از محققان شيعي، مراسيل ابن ابن عمير را همانند مسانيد وي معتبر دانسته‌اند. برخي نيز حجيت مراسيل وي را انكار نموده و به عدم تسويه مراسيل او با مسانيدش قائل شده‌اند. امام خميني معتقد است كه فقط مرسلات ابن ابي عمير حجت است؛ اما مسندات او حجت نيست و به بررسي سندي نياز دارد و بايد رجال آن تحقيق شوند. لذا روايت كردن محمدبن ابي عمير از هر راوي، دلالت بر وثاقت او ندارد و آن روايت نيز نمي‌تواند صحيح باشد، هر چند مرسله باشد. همچنين امام خميني مرسلات اصحاب اجماع و نيز مرسلات مشايخ ثلاثه را به جز ابن‌ابي‌عمير نپذيرفته و معتقد است كه نقل اصحاب اجماع از راوي مجهول يا متهم به ضعف، دليل وثاقت او نمي‌شود و نقل مشايخ ثقات از راوي ضعيف و مجهول، دليل بر توثيق آنها نخواهد بود.

Some Shia scholars are of the opinion that Ibn Abi Omair does not quote a hadith or tradition but from the authenticated narrators. Therefore, in case the intermediary narrator is taken off the chain of narrations to make the tradition a Musral or directly transmitted, it shall be considered an authenticated tradition. On this basis, the majority of Shia scholars have validated Ibn Abi Omair’s Murasil quotations, like his Masanid (collection of hadiths narrated by the companions of the Prophet (PBUH) and Imams). Some others have denied his authentication and differentiated his Murasil from his Masanid. Imam Khomeini is of the opinion that only Murasil narrations of Ibn Abi Omair are authentic, while his Masanid are not authentic and need further document-based studies. Also the people from whom the hadith is narrated must be restudied. Therefore, Mohammad ibn Abi Omair’s quotation from any narrator shall not be a sign of his authentication and accordingly the hadith thus narrated shall not be valid, even if it is a Musral. Also Imam Khomeini rejects Mursals by Consensus Companions and Three-Scholar Consensus other than Ibn Abi Omair and believes that Consensus of Companions quotation of an anonymous or weakly supported narrator shall not be a sign of his authentication. Similarly, any quotation of the Three-Scholar Consensus from an anonymous or weakly supported narrator shall not bring authentication for the narrator