معناشناسي تحليلي آيه «إِلَي رَبِّهَا نَاظِرَهٌ» از منظر مفسران فريقين

toward their Lord’ from the Viewpoints of Shiite and Sunni Commentators

آيۀ «إ‌ِلَي رَ بِّهَا نَاظِرَهٌ» از جمله آيات مورد اختلاف مفسران اشاعره، معتزله و اماميه مي‌باشد. در اين آيه شريفه چيستي معناي واژه‌هاي «الي» و «ناظره» مورد دقت مفسران قرار گرفته است. اين آيه با عطف توجه به واژه «ناظره»، يكي از مستندات قائلين به جواز رؤيت خداوند از جمله اشاعره مي‌باشد. مفسرين اماميه ضمن تبيين معناي صحيح آيه، قول اشاعره را نادرست اعلام كرده‌اند اما خود در بيان معناي آيه دچار اختلاف شده‌اند. اين مقاله بيانگر آن است كه تفسير صحيح آيه «نعمت الهي را انتظار مي‌كشند» مي‌باشد و تفسير آيه به «رؤيت قلبي پروردگار» ناصحيح است. همچنين برخلاف نظر مشهورِ مفسران كه معتقدند «الي» در اين آيه حرف جاره است، نظر قوي‌تر و صحيح‌تر آن است كه «الي» اسم و به معناي «نعمت» مي‌باشد.

The verse «Looking toward their Lord» has been known of those interpreted differently by Mu'tazilite, Ash'arite and Imamiyah commentators. In this verse, the meaning of the words: ‘toward’ and ‘looking’ are focused on semantically by these commentators. Referring to one of the semantic interpretations of the word ‘looking’, some commentators including Ash'arites have maintained that this implies God’s state of being visible (by Man). Imamiyah commentators, however, not only have interpreted the verse correctly, but also have given the false to Ash'arites’s interpretation of this word. In spite of that, Imamiyah commentators have failed to reach a consensus in their own circle. This study has postulated that the verse conveys “They are anticipating the blessing from the side of God”. So, the verse is falsely interpreted as the anticipation of man to visit God. In addition, a group of commentators have known the word ‘toward’ as a preposition, a bulk of research, however, has proved that the word is a noun and means “blessing”.