عوامل موثر در نهادينه كردن ورزش همگاني در ايران: عوامل فردي

The Factors Influencing Institutionalization of Sport for All in Iran: Individual Factors

هدف از اين تحقيق شناسايي عوامل موثر در نهادينه كردن ورزش همگاني در ايران بود. روش انجام تحقيق كيفي و از نوع اكتشافي بود. جامعه آماري اين پژوهش را كليه افراد متخصص در زمينه ورزش همگاني و نهادينه سازي تشكيل مي‌دادند. نمونه ها از طريق روش نمونه‌گيري گلوله برفي انتخاب شدند و تعداد نمونه‌هاي كه با آنها تا رسيدن به اشباع نظري مصاحبه شد 15 نفر بود. روايي مصاحبه ها از طريق بررسي شكل و محتواي سوالات توسط اساتيد سنجيده شد و پايايي ابزار تحقيق از طريق روش باز آزمون محاسبه گرديد و ضريب پايايي مصاحبه ها 83 درصد بدست آمد. نتايج تحقيق نشان داد چهار دسته عوامل فردي، گروهي، سازماني و محيطي در نهادينه كردن ورزش همگاني در ايران موثر هستند. با توجه به حجم گسترده عوامل هر دسته، در اين مقاله صرفاً عوامل فردي شامل، پذيرش، باور و نگرش، انگيزش، آزادي انتخاب، تعهد، بازخورد و ويژگي هاي زمينه اي مورد بررسي قرار گرفته است.

With the extension of technology and industrialization of communities, people's active lifestyle has changed to a sedentary lifestyle. This sedentary lifestyle has many complications and negative outcomes. Sport for all is a form of "physical activity" or regular participation in physical activity that it can reduce inactivity and its complications. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify those factors influencing the institutionalization of sport for all in Iran. The research method was exploratory qualitative. The statistical population consisted of all those who had experience in sport for all and institutionalization. The sample was selected by snowball sampling method. 15 subjects were interviewed to reach theoretical saturation. The validity of the interviews was assessed by examining the form and content of the questions by the professors and their reliability was calculated through retest method and their reliability coefficient was calculated as (%83). The results revealed that four categories including individual, team, organizational and environmental factors influenced the institutionalization of sport for all in Iran. In this article, due to the widespread size of factors in each category, merely individual factors including acceptance, belief and attitude, motivation, freedom of choice, commitment, feedback and contextual attributes were examined. Individual factors are a set of factors that are related to the person himself and include psychological, attitude, motivational states, and contextual attributes.