بررسي ميزان فراواني سوء مصرف مواد در بيماران سوختگي بستري در بيمارستان مطهري با استفاده از "تست غربالگري سوء مصرف مواد" در سال 1389

Assessment of the Frequency of Substances Abuse in Hospitalized Burn Patients at Motahari Hospital, Using Drug Abuse Screening Test, in 2010

ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻭ ﻫﺪﻑ: ﺑﻨﻈﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺭﺳﺪ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺁﺳﻴﺐ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﮕﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﺳﻮﺀ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯﺁﺳﻴﺐ( ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻧﺪﮐﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻓﺮﺍﻭﺍﻧﻲ ﺳﻮﺀ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﮕﻲ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻓﺮﺍﻭﺍﻧﻲ ﺳﻮﺀ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺴﺖ ﻏﺮﺑﺎﻟﮕﺮﻱ ﺳﻮﺀ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ [Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST 20 ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻫﺎ: ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺍﻋﺘﺒـﺎﺭ ﺗﺴﺖ 20 DAST ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻔﻲ ﻣﻘﻄﻌﻲ ﺩﺭ 203 ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻨﺪ، ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪ. ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﻃﻼﻋـﺎﺕ ﺩﻣﻮﮔـﺮﺍﻓﻴﮏ، ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎﺕ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﮕﻲ ﻭ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺗﺴﺖ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺁﻭﺭﻱ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﮐﺴﺐ ﻧﻤﺮﻩ 6 ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺳﻮﺀ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻗـﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﺍﻃﻼﻋـﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔـﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺮﻡ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ SPSS v16 ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﺷﺪ. ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ: ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺴﺖ 33 ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺳﻮﺀ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﻧﻤﺮﻩ DAST 20 ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺳﻮﺀ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﻣﻌﻨﻲ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﻮﺩ )P=0.000(. 77 ﺍﺯ ﺳﻮﺀ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺳﻮﺀ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﮑﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﻌﻨﻲ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻏﻴﺮﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ. ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﻣﻌﻨﻲ ﺩﺍﺭ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺖ. ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﮔﻴـﺮﻱ: ﺑﺮﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻓﺮﺍﻭﺍﻧﻲ ﺳﻮﺀ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﮕﻲ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ DAST 20 ﻳﮏ ﺗﺴﺖ ﺍﺭﺯﺷﻤﻨﺪ ﻏﺮﺑﺎﻟﮕﺮﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺳﻮﺀ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﮕﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ.

Introduction & Objective: It seems that the frequency of substance abuse among hospitalized burn injury patients has been increased. However, few studies have investigated substance abuse among burned patients. The aim of this study is defining the incidence of substance abuse in burn injury patients, using the "Drug Abuse Screening Test" (DAST 20). Materials & Methods: Initially, we determined the validity of DAST 20 in spring 2010. Subsequently, this descriptive cross sectional study was performed on 203 burn injury patients who fitted the study’s inclusion criteria. During the study, we gathered demographic data, burn features and DAST20 results for all patients. Patients with scores of 6 or more were considered to be substances abusers. A statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS v16 software (SPSS, Chicago, Inc). Results: According to the DAST20 results, 33% of the patients were in the user group. The mean score of DAST20 was significantly higher among users than it was among nonusers, and this difference was meaninful (P=0.000). The level of substance abuse was severe in 77% of users. No significant differences were found among the substances, with the exception of alcohol, which was meaningfully higher. Conclusions: This study showed that the prevalence of substances abuse in burn patients is high and DAST20 is a valid screening measure for studies on these patients.