تحريم نفتي ايران و اقتصاد سياسي اتحاديه اروپا

Iran's oil Embargo and the Political Economy of the European unio‎n

قبل و حتي بعد از توافقنامه برجام، اتحاديه اروپا به تبعيت از ايالات متحده آمريكا در تلاش اجتناب ورزيدن از «جنگ گرم» بسوي جنگ اقتصادي روي آورده و تحريم هاي شديد مالي و اقتصادي و از جمله تحريم نفتي عليه ايران را به همراه آمريكا و بسياري ديگر كشورها اعمال كرده است. هدف تحقيق توصيفي – تحليلي حاضر كه مبتني بر منابع اسنادي- كتابخانهاي و نيز فرا تحليل آثار موجود است تبيين و شناخت آثار تحريم نفتي جمهوري اسلامي ايران توسط اتحاديه اروپا و تاثيرات اين تحريم ها بر اقتصاد سياسي اين اتحاديه است. يافته هاي تحقيق نشان مي دهد كه اولا اقتصاد سياسي به عنوان قدرتمندترين مقوله و مكانيزم تجزيه و تحليل ديپلماسي اتحاديه اروپا بشمار مي آيد. ثانيا سياست هاي هماهنگ اتحاديه اروپا با آمريكا در قبال برنامه هسته اي ايران و تلاش اين اتحاديه در اتخاذ تحريم هاي يكجانبه آن برضد ايران، بخصوص تحريم خريد نفت ايران چندان كارا نبوده است. سوم اينكه هزينه‌هاي تحميل شده بر ايالات متحده و اتحاديه اروپا وسيع بوده و همچنان رو به گسترش است و ديگر اينكه ايالات متحده و اتحاديه اروپا در خلال سياست تحريم ها، زمينه ساز بيشتر نفوذ شرق و بخصوص چين در بازار ايران شدند. به بيان ديگر، غرب خود را عليه نفوذ خود در ايران تحريم كرد و موجب شد دو طرف تحريم كننده و تحريم شونده در فرايند اجراي تحريم متضرر شوند.

Before and even after the agreement, the European unio‎n has been pursuing an economic war against the United States in an effort to escape the "warm war" and has imposed severe financial and economic sanctions, including an oil boycott against Iran, along with the United States and many others. Other countries. The purpose of the present descriptive-analytic research is based on documentary-librarian resources as well as the analysis of existing works. Explaining the effects of the sanctions imposed on the Islamic Republic of Iran by the European unio‎n and the impact of these sanctions on the political economy of the unio‎n. Research findings show that, firstly, political economy is considered as the most powerful category and mechanism for the analysis of EU diplomacy. Secondly, the EU's coordinated policies with the United States over Iran's nuclear program and its attempt to impose its unilateral sanctions against Iran, especially the sanctions on Iran's oil purchases, have not worked well. Thirdly, the costs imposed on the United States and the European unio‎n are wide-ranging and are still expanding, and the United States and the European unio‎n, in the context of the sanctions policy, have created more influence on the East and, in particular, China in the Iranian market. In other words, the West has sanctioned itself against its influence in Iran, causing the two sides to be sanctioned and sanctioned in the process of sanctioning