طراحي مدل تحليل ساختاري- تفسيري عوامل مؤثر بر ايجاد سقف شيشه‌اي بر اساس تحليل دلفي (مطالعۀ موردي: زنان شاغل در ستاد شركت ملّي پخش فراورده‌هاي نفتي ايران)

Designing a Structural-Interpretative Model of Factors Affecting the Construction of Glass Ceilings based on the Delphi Method (A Case Study of Women Employed at the Headquarters of the National Iranian Oil Distribution Company)

اين تحقيق از طريق تحليل تفسيري ساختاري (ISM)، به‌دنبال طراحي مدلي مبتني بر دسته‌بندي و تفكيك عوامل مؤثر بر ايجاد سقف شيشه‌اي كاركنان زن شاغل در ستاد شركت ملّي پخش فراورده‌هاي نفتي ايران بود. پژوهش حاضر در بازۀ زماني يكساله بين آذر ماه 1395 - دي ماه 1396 انجام شد. روش پژوهش تركيبي بود كه در بخش كيّفي بر شناسايي عوامل مؤثر بر ايجاد سقف شيشه‌اي از طريق بررسي مباني نظري و تئوريك و انجام تحليل دلفي با مشاركت 20 متخصص به‌عنوان اعضاي پانل مبتني بود و در بخش كمّي نيز از طريق تشكيل ماتريس خودتعاملي ساختاري به دنبال مدل‌سازي ساختاري و تفسيري بود كه در اين بخش تعداد 30 نفر از متخصصان منابع انساني (داخل و خارج از شركت) مشاركت كردند. نتايج پژوهش نشان مي‌دهد كه اساسي‌ترين عامل سقف شيشه‌اي زنان در ستاد شركت ملّي پخش فراورده‌هاي نفتي ايران بر اساس مدل طراحي شده، نبود قوانين حمايتي است، كه اين شاخص مربوط به مؤلّفۀ اصلي علل برون سازماني و مؤلّفۀ فرعي علل سياسي و مقرراتي در نتايج دلفي بودند. همچنين در بالاترين سطح و در واقع كم اثرترين عامل بر ايجاد سقف شيشه‌اي، شاخص عدم جوّ مناسب براي كار زنان، از علل ساختاري مؤلّفۀ اصلي درون سازماني است.

Women are among the most valuable assets of any organization. If obstacles like the glass ceilings were eliminated, one could expect an increase in their effectiveness in following the goals of organizations in their respective areas of responsibility. Therefore, this study, by examining the issue through Interpretative-Structural Analysis (ISM), seeks to design a model based on categorizing and distinguishing factors affecting the creation of a glass ceiling for female employees at the National Iranian Oil Distribution Company. This research was conducted in a one-year period between December 2016 and January 2017. The research methodology consists of qualitative research based on identifying the factors influencing the creation of a glass ceiling by examining theoretical foundations and analysis based on the Delphi method. To this end, 20 specialists worked as panel members. The quantitative part of the research methodology through the formation of a structural self-advancement matrix follows structural and interpretive modeling, in which 30 human resources specialists (both from inside and outside the company) participated. The results research show that based on the designed model, the most significant factor in the construction of a glass ceiling for women at the National Iranian Oil Distribution Company is the lack of supportive laws, which is related to the main component of the external causes and the sub-component of the political causes and rules were in the Delphi method. Furthermore, at the highest level and in fact the least effective factor in creating a glass ceiling, the lack of suitable atmosphere for women's work is one of the structural causes of the core component of the organization.