كليدواژه :
اقتصاد , بازار آزاد , انديشه‌ي فطرتگرا , اخلاق
چكيده فارسي :
.اقتصاد مبتني بر بازار آزاد در نگاه اول، چندان دلالت سياسي و اخلاقي صريحي ندارد و چنان مي‌نمايد كه تنها به حوزه‌ي معاش و اقتصاد محدود مي‌ماند اما داعيه‌هاي اخلاقي و سياسي اين شيوه‌ي اقتصاد ورزي را مورد رديابي قرار داد. تقليل پيدا كردن انسان به موجود طالب سود و حاوي استلزام ذاتي با خودپرستي راديكال از جمله‌ي پيش فرض‌هاي بنيادي نظريه‌ي بازار آزاد به شمار مي‌رود. آدام اسميت بر اين باور است كه بازار، پديده‌اي خودجوش و خودسامانگر است و دستي نامرئي –در غياب هر گونه دخالت بيروني- مي‌تواند امور اقتصادي (و اجتماعي) را بسامان كند. اما وفق آموزه‌ي فطرت انسان داراي وجودي الهي است و همين شاخصه‌ي وجودي نيز او را مبدل به موجودي كمال‌جو و كمال‌گرا كرده است. انسان اقتصادي در انديشه‌ي فطرتگرا موجودي صاحب كرامت است كه اقتصاد براي او كارابزاري براي جلب رضايت الهي و قرب به اوست گواينكه اقتصاد منفك از اخلاق و جمع، براي او موجد اعتباري جامع نبوده و او اقتصاد را يكي از اقنوم‌هاي زيستي انسان در نظر مي‌گيرد كه در عين حال، مقوم اخلاق و جمع نيز خواهد بود. كاركردهاي اقتصاد در نظام اقتصادي مبتني بر بازار آزاد منبعث از ليبراليسم با كاركردهاي اقتصاد در نظام سياسي مبتني بر انديشه‌ي فطرتگرا عميقاً با يكديگر متخالفند و هيچ آشتي و سازشي نمي‌توان مابين آنها برقرار كرد.
چكيده لاتين :
A free market economy at first glance does not have a clear political and moral implication, and it seems to be limited to the area of livelihood and economics. But this is the only formal case, and if you look at it, you can track the moral and political motives of this method of economics. Reducing the human being to the present requires a profit and contains inherent intrigue with radical self-righteousness, which is one of the fundamental assumptions of the free market theory. Adam Smith, as the largest thinker in the free market, has received his moral and knowledge system mainly from Hutchison and Mandeville, and the justification for God's lack of presence and ethics in his economic affair can be justified. Smith believes that the market is a spontaneous and self-conscious phenomenon, and the invisible hand-in the absence of any external interference-can make economic (and social) affairs. The opposite of an economy based on a free market is an economically sophisticated economy based on natural teachings. According to the doctrine of nature which is expressed in Islamic philosophy, man has a divine existence, and this same existential attribute has also transformed him into a perfectionist and perfectionist being. This perfectionist sees all the appearances of the universe as an allegory of the sacred desire and uses all of them as educational grounds. An economist in the intellectualistic thought of a dignified being, the economy is for him a means of obtaining divine satisfaction and giving him the impression that a dissimilar economy of morality and collectivities is not a comprehensive credit for him, and he considers economics as one of the biological communities of mankind. At the same time, it will be a matter of ethics and accumulation. The functions of economics in a free market-based economic system derived from liberalism, with the functions of the economy in the political system based on intellectual thought, are deeply opposed, and no reconciliation can be established between them.
