پديد آورندگان :
عبدالهي، علي دانشگاه شهيد چمران اهواز - دانشكده كشاورزي - گروه خاكشناسي , تقوي، مهدي دانشگاه شهيد چمران اهواز - دانشكده علوم - گروه شيمي , نوروزي، مجتبي دانشگاه شهيد چمران اهواز - دانشكده كشاورزي - گروه خاكشناسي , معزي، عبدالامير دانشگاه شهيد چمران اهواز - دانشكده كشاورزي - گروه خاكشناسي
كليدواژه :
نانو ذرات , روي قابل دسترس , عملكرد , غلظت روي , گندم
چكيده فارسي :
در ميان فناوري‌هاي نوين، فناوري نانو نقش مهمي در كشاورزي و توليد مواد غذايي دارد. در اين راستا، آزمايشي به صورت طرح كامل تصادفي براي بررسي تأثير نانو ذرات اكسيد آهن عامل‌دار بر ويژگي‌هاي عملكردي و غلظت و جذب و روي گندم انجام شد. تيمارهاي آزمايش، شامل نانو ذرات اكسيد آهن عامل‌دار (هيدروكسيل OH، كربوكسيل COOH، آمين NH2) هر كدام در سه سطح (100، 200 و 300 ميلي‌گرم بر كيلوگرم)، سولفات روي (ZnSO4) (در سطح 40 كيلوگرم در هكتار) و تيمار شاهد بودند. نتايج نشان داد كه بيش‌ترين مقدار روي قابل دسترس خاك در تيمار نانو ذرات اكسيد آهن كربوكسيل‌دار به مقدار 300 ميلي‌گرم در كيلوگرم نسبت به تيمار شاهد به‌دست مي‌آيد. بيش‌ترين مقدار عملكرد ريشه و ساقه در تيمار نانو ذرات اكسيد آهن هيدروكسيل‌دار به مقدار 300 ميلي‌گرم در كيلوگرم به‌دست آمد. نانو ذرات اكسيد آهن كربوكسيل‌دار بيش‌ترين تأثير را بر غلظت و جذب روي در گندم داشتند. بنابراين استفاده از نانو ذرات به مقدار مناسب مي‌تواند موجب بهبود وضعيت عناصر غذايي خاك، محصولات و در نهايت انسان شود.
چكيده لاتين :
Nanotechnology has created a range of new applications in different stages of agriculture. The application of Nano-fertilizers for plants is of vital importance because of its unique properties, such as the specific surface and high reactivity. Many studies have investigated the effect of metal nanoparticles on yield and concentration of elements in the plant. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effects of Functionalized Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (FIONPs) on plant yield, concentration and uptake of Zinc in root and shoots of wheat under greenhouse cultivation in a calcareous soil.
Materials and Methods This study was conducted in the greenhouse condition as a randomized complete design with three replications. Treatment consisted of functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles (Hydroxyl: OH, Carboxyl: COOH and Amine: NH2) each at three levels (100, 200 and 300 mg.kg-1), ZnSO4 (40 kg.ha-1) and Control. During the experiment, some parameters such as the plant height and chlorophyll index were measured. At the end of the cultivation period, dry weight and Zn concentration of root, shoot and grain was determined using Atomic absorption apparatus (Perkin elmer A_Analyst 200 model). Likewise, content of soil available Zn was measured using DTPA.
Results The amount of available zinc in all levels of iron oxide nanoparticles, except Amine iron oxide nanoparticles (at levels of 200 and 300 mg / kg), was significantly (P<0.01) increased compared to control. The maximum amount of soil available Zn were observed in levels of 300, 200 and 100 mg.kg-1 Carboxyl iron oxide nanoparticles with 83.64, 70.91 and 63.64% increment compared to control, respectively. Effect of treatments of functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles and zinc sulfate on chlorophyll content, plant height and dry weight of shoots was significant (P<0.01). The maximum yield of root and shoot was obtained at the level of 300 mg.kg-1 of Carboxyl iron oxide nanoparticles with 34.74 and 25.1% increment compared to control, respectively. The maximum grain yield was observed at the level of 300 mg.kg-1 of Carboxyl iron oxide nanoparticles with 36.51% increment compared to control. The maximum chlorophyll content was obtained in Carboxyl iron oxide nanoparticles (at level of 300 mg. kg-1) with 11.38% increment compared to control. The maximum of Zinc concentration in root, shoot and grain was observed at the level of 300 mg.kg-1 carboxylic oxide nanoparticles with 103.62, 159.26 and 26.87% increment compared to control, respectively.
Conclusions The results showed that application of FIONPs improved soil pH and subsequently available zinc of soil. Also, nanoparticles increased the yield, concentration and uptake of zinc in root, shoots and grain of wheat. Therefore, based on the obtained results from this study, it can be said that use of new strategies such as nanoparticles can be useful in improving soil conditions and bioavailability of Micronutrient like Zinc and reducing chemical fertilizers.
