ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺗﺠﻤﻊ ﻓﻠﺰات ﺳﻨﮕﯿﻦ )آﻫﻦ، روي، ﻣﺲ، ﻣﻨﮕﻨﺰ و ﻧﯿﮑﻞ( در ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﺮم و ﺳﺨﺖ ﺧﺮﭼﻨﮓ ﺷﻨﺎﮔﺮ آﺑﯽ )Portunus pelagicus( ﺳﻮاﺣﻞ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﺑﻮﺷﻬر

Comparison on accumulation of heavy metals (Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, and Ni) in soft and hard tissue of Blue Swimmer Crab (Portunus pelagicus) in Bushehr coastal

ﭼﮑﯿﺪه ﺧﻄﺮﻫﺎي ﺣﺎﺻﻠﻪ از ﺗﺠﻤﻊ زﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﻓﻠﺰات در ﺳﻄﻮح ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ زﻧﺠﯿﺮة ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ، ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻧﮕﺮاﻧﯽ ﻫﺎي ﻋﻤﺪه در ﺑﺤﺚ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ اﻧﺴﺎن اﺳﺖ. ﻓﻠﺰات ﺳﻨﮕﯿﻦ در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ ﺷﺪن ﻣﻘﺎوم ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ و در ﺑﺪن آﺑﺰﯾﺎن از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺧﺮﭼﻨﮓ ﺗﺠﻤﻊ ﻣﯽﯾﺎﺑﻨﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺗﺠﻤﻊ ﻓﻠﺰات ﺳﻨﮕﯿﻦ در ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﺮم و ﺳﺨﺖ ﺧﺮﭼﻨﮓ ﺷﻨﺎﮔﺮ آﺑﯽ ﺳﻮاﺣﻞ ﺑﻮﺷﻬﺮ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﺧﺮﭼﻨﮓ )40 ﻋﺪد( در ﭘﺎﯾﯿﺰ 1395 ﺑﻪ روش ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ و ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻗﺎﯾﻖ و ﺗﻮر ﺻﯿﺎدي از ﺳﻮاﺣﻞ ﺑﻮﺷﻬﺮ ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﺷﺪ. ﺟﻬﺖ آﻣﺎدهﺳﺎزي ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎ از روش ﻫﻀﻢ اﺳﯿﺪي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻓﻠﺰات آﻫﻦ، روي، ﻣﺲ، ﻣﻨﮕﻨﺰ و ﻧﯿﮑﻞ در ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﺳﺨﺖ ﺧﺮﭼﻨﮓ ﺷﻨﺎﮔﺮ آﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 43/01 ±90/70، 52/93±6/78، 37/73±13/85، 23/50±7/76، 4/37±3/66 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم وزن ﺧﺸﮏ و در ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﺮم ﺧﺮﭼﻨﮓ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 112/81±56/94، 69/51±4/83، 73/28±28/17، 9/12±3/92، ±3/69 4/24 ﺑﻪدﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻓﻠﺰات در ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﺳﺨﺖ ﺧﺮﭼﻨﮓ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ از ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﺮم ﺑﻮد. ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ در ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﺮم ﺧﺮﭼﻨﮓ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻓﻠﺰ ﻣﺲ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ از ﺣﺪ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد و WHO NHMRC ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻓﻠﺰ ﻧﯿﮑﻞ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ از ﺣﺪ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد وWHO FAO و ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻓﻠﺰ روي ﮐﻤﺘﺮ از اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. در ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﺳﺨﺖ ﺧﺮﭼﻨﮓ در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻓﻠﺰات ﻣﺲ و ﻧﯿﮑﻞ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ و ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻓﻠﺰ روي ﮐﻤﺘﺮ از ﺣﺪ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. در ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ ﻓﻠﺰات ﻧﯿﮑﻞ و ﻣﺲ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ از اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎ ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﻣﻤﮑﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻣﺼﺮف ﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن را ﺑﻪ ﺧﻄﺮ ﻣﯽ اﻧﺪازد.

The dangers of bio-accumulation of metals at higher levels in the food chain are one of the major concerns in human health. Heavy metals are resistant to degradation and accumulate in the body of aquatic animals, including crayfish. This study was conducted to compare the accumulation of heavy metals in soft and hard crab blue swimmers of Bushehr shores. Crab samples (40) were collected randomly in the autumn of 1395 using boats and fishing trips from Bushehr coastlines. The acid digestion method was used to prepare the samples. The concentrations of Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, and Ni in hard tissue were 90.70±43.01, 52.93±6.78, 37.73±13.85, 23.50±7.76 and 4.37±3.66 mg/kg dry weight respectively and in soft tissue were 83.81±56.94, 17.51±4.11, 92.28±28.69, 69.12±3.73 and 4.24±3.90 respectively. Metal concentrations of hard tissue were significantly higher than those in soft tissue. Based on the results in soft crab tissue, the mean concentration of copper was higher than the WHO and NHMRC standards, the mean concentration of nickel was higher than the WHO and FAO standards and the mean concentration of zinc were lower than the global standard. In the hard tissue, the mean value of copper and nickel was higher than the international standards and Zn lower than these standards. Generally, Ni and Cu were higher than the standards that can create risk to human health.