شناسايي احكام كيفري خارجي و اجراي آن در نظام حقوقي اسلام و قوانين موضوعه ايران

Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Criminal Laws in the Islamic Legal System and the Iranian Statute

در اين تحقيق سعي شده است با روش توصيفي - تحليلي به اين پرسش پاسخ داده شود كه با توجه به اصل صلاحيت سرزميني قوانين كيفري و همچنين حفظ حاكميت ملي آيا شناسايي و اجراي احكام كيفري خارجي در قلمرو حاكميت يك كشور اسلامي علي الخصوص ايران امكان پذير هست يا خير ؟به نظر نگارندگان براي پاسخ به اين پرسش ها از منظر حقوق اسلامي با عنايت به آيات قرآن و روايات مي توان گفت كه توجه به اصل عمل متقابل و جواز اجراي احكام ساير اديان الهي در قلمرو حاكميت حكومت اسلامي و قاعده درء مي تواند توجيهي براي اجراي احكام كيفري خارجي باشد.در ايران نيز بررسي قوانين موضوعه و توافقنامه هاي معاضدت قضايي حكايت از آن دارد كه شناسايي و اجراي احكام كيفري خارجي به طور محدود و تحت شرايطي در مواردي چون انتقال محكومين ،تعيين خسارات ناشي از جرم پذيرفته شده است.

In this research, we have tried to answer the question in a descriptive-analytic method that, considering the principle of territory competency principle of penal rules as well as protection of national governance, whether recognition and execution of foreign penal decisions in the governance territory of an Islamic country, specially Iran, is possible or not? The writers believe that to reply to such questions in view of Islamic law and considering Qur’anic verses and narrations, we could say that considering the principle of interaction and permission for execution of rules of other Revealed Religions in the governance territory of Islamic government and ward off rule could be a justification for execution of foreign penal decisions. In Iran too, review of related rules and judiciary cooperation agreements indicate that recognition and execution of foreign penal decisions has been accepted limitedly and conditionally for cases such as transfer of the condemned, determination of losses caused by the crime.