پديد آورندگان :
عبدالرزاقي، عليرضا دانشگاه بين المللي امام خميني (ره) - دانشكده مهندسي , ميربهاء، بابك دانشگاه بين المللي امام خميني (ره) - دانشكده مهندسي , رصافي، اميرعباس دانشگاه بين المللي امام خميني (ره) - دانشكده مهندسي
چكيده فارسي :
در اين مطالعه پس از برداشت داده‌هاي واقعي ازچهار تقاطع چراغدار شهرقزوين با استفاده از دوربين هاي نظارت تصويري و نرم افزار چراغ هاي هوشمند مركزي در دو زمان اوج و غير اوج ترافيك و شرايط جوي باراني و آفتابي نسبت به تحليل رفتار عبور رانندگان از تقاطع در فاز زرد و قرمز بااستفاده از مدل لوجيت دوتايي اقدام شد. متغيرهاي بررسي شده در اين مدل شامل ويژگي-هاي فيزيكي ،ترافيكي، زمان بندي و فازبندي تقاطع و شرايط جوي مي شود. نتايج بدست آمده از مدل حاكي از آن است كه وجودعابرپياده در سواره رو، افزايش مدت زمان سپري شده از فاز قرمز و افزايش سرفاصله مكاني خودروها مهم ترين عوامل تأثيرگذار برتوقف رانندگان در فاز زردوياقرمز مي باشند و همين طور افزايش سرعت خودرو و زمان انتظار راننده(مدت زمان قرمز رويكرد) مهم ترين عوامل تأثيرگذار برعبور رانندگان در فاز زرد و يا قرمز مي باشند. همچنين درصورتي كه راننده درابتداي چراغ زرد كمتر از يك متر از تقاطع فاصله داشته باشدو خودرو در زمان زرد چراغ سرعت متوسطي بيش از 20 متر برثانيه داراباشد احتمال عبور از تقاطع به ترتيب بيش از 74 و 90درصد است. يكي از نوآوري‌هاي اين پژوهش بررسي تأثيرگذاري ميزان بارش باران بر رفتارانندگان در عبوروياتوقف است كه نتايج مدل نشان مي‌دهد كه با افزايش ميزان بارش باران احتمال عبور رانندگان از فاز زردوياقرمز افزايش مي‌يابد. نتايج اين مقاله مي تواند مسئولان مربوط را در شناخت بيشتر ماهيت رفتار رانندگان در تقاطع هاي چراغدار و ارائه برنامه هاي كنترلي و نظارتي بيشتر ياري كند.
چكيده لاتين :
In signalized intersections and at the onset of the yellow phase, drivers often come across a dilemma situation where they are unable to stop comfortably before the stop line or clear the intersection (without excessive acceleration) prior to the onset of the red signal phase. yellow time is designed to inform drivers about passing time and preventing extreme changes in cars' speed in timing of intersections with traffic lights. However, studies have confirmed that drivers face high level of uncertainty during yellow time. drivers visually sample their surroundings while driving so they are able to change their behavior based on other vehicles’ movements, the roadway environment and traffic signal data. This implies that drivers’ behaviors are affected by surrounding factors such as other vehicles’ headway or intersection conditions. In the dilemma zone, drivers’ decisions are influenced not only by their own condition (e.g., distance to the stop line, speed, red time)but also by the surrounding environment at an intersection. The primary goal of the research described here was to develop a comprehensive knowledge of the stopping characteristics of dilemma zone drivers at signalized intersections. Physical, traffic, timing and phasing of intersections and weather conditions are assessed factors. The research performed here involved macroscopic evaluation of driver behavior; thus, characteristics of individual drivers were not investigated as it was not feasible to determine information such as age, experience, route familiarity, and sex of each driver. This study investigates actual data of traffic cameras and central smart program in four intersections in Qazvin in which traffic lights are set up. Peak, normal sunny and rainy conditions and drivers' behavior in yellow and red times are studied using binary logit model. A field study was performed using a video-based data collection system to record several attributes related to the behavior of the last vehicle to go through and the first vehicle to stop in each lane during each yellow interval. The researchers concluded that a driver’s decision to stop or go through when presented with a yellow indication is complex but can be predicted reasonably well based on several factors. Pedestrians in streets(Coef.=-0,61241; p-value=0,0177), time passed in red phase(Coef.=-0.53836; p-value=0,0177), and headway(Coef.=-1,89062; p-value=0,0854) are the most effective factors on drivers' pauses in yellow or red phase. High speed of cars(Coef.=+0,172; p-value=0,0087) and also waiting time (red phase) (Coef.=+0,864; p-value=0,0095) are the most influential factors on drivers motion in yellow or red phases. I addition, in the situations in which drivers distance to intersection is less than one meter at the beginning of yellow phase and speed is higher than 20 m/s, passing probabilities are 74 and 90%, respectively. One of the innovations of this study is evaluating the effect of rain on the behavior of drivers. The results of model show the possibility that the drivers pass the traffic light in yellow or red phase will be increased by rising the amount of rainfall. Our results are able to inform officials about drivers' behavior at intersections with traffic lights and facilitate their control and surveillance.
