چكيده لاتين :
Introduction
Today, the common goal of development at the local, national and international levels is to improve the quality of life, and the future of human life depends on understanding the factors that affect it. The quality of life, known as the indicator of economic and social development, is to illustrate the welfare in society and in fact reflect the development outcomes. This indicator is influenced by many factors, part of these factors are related to the quality of relationships with others, groups and formal and informal institutions. Together they produce the amount of trust and social participation that is called social capital. In this regard, the subject of this research is to investigate the relationship between social capital and quality of life, which we investigated by analyzing the types of social capital and their impact on the quality of life of women in Tehran.
1- Materials and Methods
The present study is carried out using survey method and questionnaire as its research tool. Initially, using a snapshot of articles, books, and journals, the theoretical foundations of the subject matter and hypotheses were formulated. The social capital questionnaire was drafted and adapted from previous research as well as theoretical study. The statistical population of the study is women aged 25-65 years old in Tehran. The sample size was estimated to be 351 individuals by using Cochran's formula. Using multi-stage cluster sampling, the map of Tehran was divided into three regions. The present study is a correlational study and its design is based on the data collection method of post-translational type.. Social capital is our independent variable (predictor). The social capital questionnaire has 8 questions (50 items) that are designed on a five-option scale. The score of 50 indicates a lower social capital level and a score of 250 indicates a higher social capital level. The validity of the components of the questionnaire (social trust and social participation) has been measured in previous research. Moreover, for, the reliability of the questionnaire has been confirmed by using the Cronbach's alpha. The results of this test showed that the correlation of the variables in measuring social capital is acceptable. The next section of the questionnaire is related to the dependent variable (quality of life criterion), , which was measured by QAQ standard questionnaire (2001) in two dimensions of objective and subjective quality of life, such as Tarbati (2014) and Khosfifar et al. (2013). This questionnaire has six questions (71 items); a score of 71 indicates the lowest quality of life and a score of 355 indicates the highest quality of life..., initial processing and data entry to the computer were performed and then, using SPSS software, data analysis was done in two steps. In the first stage, central statistics and dispersion have been used for analysis and description. In the second step, Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression coefficient and multiple regression analysis have been used to test the hypothesis of the research.
2- Discussion of Results & Conclusions
The results of the analysis show that each of the six hypotheses evaluated the relationship between social capital and quality of life in Tehran's women positively, which means that as women's social capital grows, their quality of life also increases. According to the regression analysis, the dimensions of social capital in the group and structural social capital can predict quality of life of women in Tehran, . According to the beta coefficient of the social capital within the group (B =0.381) and then social capital structure(B= 0.179), they have the greatest impact on quality of life. The results obtained in this research are based on the results of previous research such as Khan Mohammadi (2015), Khosulfar et al. (2014) Bashneqi (2014), Haghighatyan (2014), Karimizadeh and Muslim (2014), and Monika Molarska (2015).. Theoretically, the connection between social capital and quality of life has been confirmed by theorists. For example, Putnam defines a strong link between social capital and quality of life. He believes that there is a very clear and positive correlation between the variables of health and social capital. According to Athev, women are more successful in a more collaborative and knowledge-sharing environment. For women, networks with strong, supportive relationships increase the chances of upgrading to higher levels of performance. In Bourdieu's view, individuals and groups in the social sphere can convert four types of capital into one type of capital or into other types by means of redefined strategies and thus maintaining their place in the social space, or improve it. Zaff (1984) also argues that social communication and social networks make a real difference to quality of life, and the expansion and facilitation of the communication network and social links promote the level of access of individuals and groups to social and economic resources. These links and communications in their different forms, especially those obtained in this research, namely, external grouping as a sticker of elements in society and facilitating collective action, can therefore strengthen quality of life , which is, in turn, in its various dimensions, influenced by the quality of communication and social ties.
