بررسي ساختار ديباچه مثنويها تا قرن هفتم هجري

The study of the structure of the preface of the Masnavi until the seventh centry A.H

اين پژوهش بر آن است تا ديباچه مثنويها را با روش تحقيق كيفي از نوع تحليلي توصيفي و شيوه متن پژوهي واكاوي كند. يافته ها نشان مي دهد: با اينكه ساختار ديباچه هاي منسجم تلفيقي از حمد، نعت و مدح است و تكرار اين ساختار مثلثي در هم تنيده، آن را به كلان الگوي معياري براي تمامي مثنويهاي ديباچه دار فارسي تبديل كرده است كه از مثنويهاي نخستين تا ادوار بعد، گسترش و تحوّل بحث برانگيزي مي يابد؛ امّا اجزاي اين الگو تحت تاثير اوضاع سياسي، اجتماعي و ديني عصر، حماسي، غنايي و عرفاني بودن موضوع مثنوي، سليقه رايج زمان و نگرش و شخصيّت مثنوي سرا در نوسان است. افزون بر اين، نبود ديباچه در برخي مثنويها سوال برانگيز است؛ پاره اي ديگر ديباچه منثور و بعضي شروعي رمزي دارد.

The preface is the beginning of communication and contact between the creator and the audience of a text and the writer or poet in this encounter expresses his personality and presence before the reader’s thought. This research seeks to elucidate the preface of the Masnavi by analyzing – descriptive qualitative research methodology and the method of studying the text. The results show that the structure of the coherent prepositions is combination of worship , praise and exhortation , and repeat this triangular interconnected structure has turned it into a macro modle of the standard for all Persian Masnavi’s that have preface ,which finds controversy from the early Masnavi to the next , but the components of this pattern are influenced by thr political , social , and the religious era of the epic , lyrics and mysticism of theme of Masnavi , the prevailing taste of time , and the attitude and personality of Masnavi sara is fluctuating. More over , the lack of prefaces in some of the Masnavies is questionable , there are other proverbial prefaces and some of them have coded startups.