پيش‌بيني ايده‌پردازي خودكشي و خشونت بين فردي در كودكان كار بر اساس آسيب كودكي، دشواري‌هاي تنظيم هيجان و صفات سنگ‌دلي- فقدان همدلي

Prediction of suicidal ideation and interpersonal violence among labor children based on childhood trauma, emotion regulation difficulties and callous-unemotional traits

هدف از پژوهش حاضر پيش‌بيني ايده‌پردازي خودكشي و خشونت بين‌فردي در كودكان كار بر اساس آسيب كودكي، دشواري‌هاي تنظيم هيجان و صفات سنگ‌دلي- فقدان همدلي بود. روش پژوهش توصيفي از نوع همبستگي و نمونه آماري پژوهش حاضر شامل 150 نفر از كودكان كار 12 تا 17 سال شهر تهران در تابستان و پاييز سال 1395 بود كه به روش نمونه‌برداري آسان انتخاب شدند. ابزار پژوهش شامل شناخت‌هاي خودكشي، پرسش‌نامه حالت- صفت بيان خشم، پرسش‌نامه آسيب كودكي، پرسش‌نامه دشواري‌هاي تنظيم هيجان و پرسش‌نامه صفات سنگ‌دلي- فقدان همدلي بود. تحليل داده‌ها با استفاده از رگرسيون چندمتغيري با رويكرد سلسله مراتبي نشان داد فقدان عاطفه، دسترسي محدود به راهبردهاي تنظيم هيجاني و غفلت ايده‌پردازي خودكشي را پيش‌بيني مي‌كنند. همچنين تحليل داده‌ها نشان داد سنگدلي، دشواري در رفتار هدفمند، دشواري در كنترل تكانه و فقدان آگاهي هيجاني و عدم وضوح هيجاني و آزار عاطفي خشونت بين‌فردي را پيش‌بيني مي‌كنند. از اين رو، پيشنهاد مي‌شود بر محيط‌هايي كه اين كودكان در آن رشد مي‌يابند به ويژه محيط‌هاي خانوادگي آن‌ها و بر تعاملات بين والدين و كودكان كه احتمالاً حاكي از غفلت و توهين و بي‌توجهي به كودك است، تمركز شود.

Child labor is a prevalent global public health and human rights problem. Many children work to ensure the survival of their families and themselves. Furthermore, child labor today leads to poverty tomorrow: Child labor perpetuates poverty and results in intergenerational poverty traps. Yet, policies banning child labor, even if they can be implemented, might harm the welfare of children and their families rather than help. It puts children at risk for acute and chronic health problems and thwarts the right to freely choose economic opportunities. Economical abuse can best be defined as hiring a child for a work in which his rights are infringed, low payment is made, and his personal development is hindered. As expected, in a short span of time child workers have been employed in industries, which has led a disturbance in the physical, sensorial, kinesthetic, social, medical and moral development and his right for education has been disregarded. That has brought about children being prone to every threat, for they have adopted all the negative experiences and way of behaving in the work life. The short-term effects of childhood trauma include disruptions in interpersonal relationships and psychological problems. Moreover, childhood trauma may interfere with the development of emotional self-regulation, leaving children at risk for a number of negative outcomes including violence preparation. It is recognized that childhood trauma can lead to suicidal ideation and behavior. There is evidence that aggression and violence are important correlates of suicidal behavior. Childhood trauma and aggressive traits are considered risk factors for suicidal behavior. The aim of current study is prediction of suicidal ideation and interpersonal violence among labor children based on childhood trauma, emotion regulation difficulties and callous-unemotional traits.