كليدواژه :
طرحواره درماني , احساس تنهايي , سلامت رواني , نشخوارفكري
چكيده فارسي :
پژوهش حاضر با هدف تعيين اثربخشي طرحواره درماني بر سلامت رواني، نشخوار فكري و احساس تنهايي اجتماعي و عاطفي زنان مطلقه انجام شد. روش پژوهش نيمه آزمايشي با طرح پيش‌آزمون و پس‌آزمون با گروه كنترل بود. جامعه آماري، تمامي زنان مطلقه مراجعه كننده به مراكز مشاوره شهر ساري در سال 1396 بود. نمونه آماري تعداد 40 نفر (گروه آزمايشي 20 نفر و گروه كنترل 20 نفر) بود كه به صورت نمونه‌گيري غيرتصادفي در دسترس انتخاب گرديد. در اين پژوهش از سه پرسشنامه، مقياس احساس تنهايي اجتماعي و عاطفي بزرگسالان، پرسشنامه سلامت عمومي و مقياس نشخوار فكري نولن هوكسما و مارو و پروتكل طرحواره درماني استفاده شد. تحليل داده‌ها با استفاده از تحليل كواريانس چند متغيره نشان داد كه طرحواره درماني به طور معني‌داري باعث ارتقاي سلامت رواني و كاهش نشخوارفكري و احساس تنهايي اجتماعي و عاطفي زنان مطلقه شد. با توجه به اين يافته‌ها، مشاوران و درمانگران مي‌توانند جهت بازتواني زنان پس از طلاق در جهت افزايش سلامت رواني، كاهش نشخوارفكري و روابط اجتماعي تسهيل يافته‌تر از قواعد طرحواره درماني استفاده نمايند.
چكيده لاتين :
Introduction
The divorce process has many psychological and social consequences for individuals, which it often takes a long time after divorce to get the person out of turmoil and sometimes requires interventional methods to speed up the process of returning to normal life, confront incompatible and ineffective thoughts and social isolation, and maintain the overall health. So the purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of schema therapy on general health, rumination, and loneliness of divorced women. Method The research method was a quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with control group. The statistical population consisted of all divorced women referring to counseling centers in Sari city, in 2017. The sample consisted of 20 persons in each experimental and control group (40 samples in total), which were selected randomly. Also, the criteria for entry of the sample groups into the research were: divorced with no child, aged 20-40 years old, resident of Sari city, no obvious physical illness based on physician examinations and routine tests requested, no obvious psychotic and mood disorders in individuals based on clinical interviews by the psychiatrist, based on the criteria of the fifth Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. In this research, three questionnaires, the SELSA-S Loneliness Scale, General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), Nullen Hoeksma and Marrow Rumination Questionnaire (RRS), and Schema Therapy Protocol were used. Questionnaires were provided to them after explaining the purpose of the research and obtaining informed consent from the participants and assuring them of confidentiality of the information. In general, no one was excluded from the study in the two groups. Also, a multivariate covariance analysis (MANCOVA) was used to test the hypotheses. Results
The results of this study, using multivariate analysis of covariance,
showed that schema therapy significantly improved the health and decreased rumination and loneliness of divorced women. Specifically, schema therapy can reduce loneliness, increase general health and decrease ruminating of divorced women. Conclusion The findings show that schema therapy causes changes in the cognitive, experimental, emotional, and behavioral fields. This approach has been effective in challenging maladaptive schemas and ineffective responses and replacing them with better and more responsive thoughts and responses. It is recommended that advisers and therapists’ use the schema therapy rules to rehabilitate women after divorce, in order to increase their general health and reduce rumination and facilitate social relationships.
