بررسي منظومه «هذيان دل» شهريار از منظر مكاتب رمانتيسم و سوررئاليسم

The Study of Shahriar’s Hazyane Del from the perspectives of Romanticism and Surrealism

با وجود اختلافات ميان ادبيات ملل مختلف جهان، روحي واحد بر آنها حاكم است چراكه در حوزه‌هاي گوناگون درهم تأثير گذاشته و از هم متأثرند. از جمله موضوعاتي كه از اروپا نشأت‌گرفته و به طور اخص بر ادبيات معاصر ايران سايه افكند، مكاتب ادبي است؛ تاجايي كه شاعران و نويسندگان زيادي را تحت تأثير خود قرار داد؛ در اين ميان شهريار، به عنوان بزرگترين شاعر كلاسيك معاصر، به خاطر آشنايي به زبان فرانسه و به تبع آن تتبع درآثار ادبي غرب به خصوص شاتو بريان و حشرونشر با اشخاصي مثل نيما، عشقي، ميرزا جعفرخامنه‌اي و صادق هدايت، به شدت از مكاتب مختلف ادبي اروپا متأثر شده و آثار ارزشمندي را – كه تحت عنوان مكتب شهريار مشهور است- خلق كرد؛ از جمله اين آثار كه تفاوت فاحش با سبك ذاتي و شخصي شهريار دارد و ذهن خواننده را به طرف كشف اين تفاوت‌ها، سوق مي‌دهد، منظومه هذيان دل است. نوشتۀ حاضر بر آن است كه با بهره‌گيري از شيوۀ استقرايي و بازخواني دقيق اين منظومه، به اين پرسش‌ها

The question whether the western literary schools are compatible with the literary works in the East, especially in Iran, has been viewed differently by theoreticians of the field. Some have strongly declined the idea reiterating that “evaluating Iranian poetic schools based on the standards of western literary and poetic thought and mapping genuine Persian literature on western schools is unfounded. They see such a comparison as a false analogy since they believe the key to the gates of Persian literature does not lie there. Even more modern work in Persian literature which stands by the regulations of western literary thought still does not qualify as part of the Persian literary treasure to be a case of consideration.” Some others have posed more gentle views in this regard. They believe that “Persian literature differs from western literature in many respects which makes it less plausible to apply all concepts and terminology borrowed from the European literature to the analysis of Persian literature and to look for sound equivalents of European schools and movements in Iranian literature and culture.” Meanwhile, Dr. Shamisa has proposed a more comprehensive and, cautiously speaking more compatible with present conditions understanding in his book Literary Schools.