بررسي گذر پابده به آسماري بر اساس زيست‌چينه‌نگاري نانو فسيل‌هاي آهكي در يال شمال‌شرقي تاقديس گورپي، استان خوزستان

Evaluation of Pabdeh/Asmari boundary based on calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy at north eastern limb of Gurpi anticline, Khuzestan Province

در پژوهش حاضر، برش امامزاده بابا به‌منظور مطالعۀ زيست‌چينه‌نگاري بر مبناي نانو‌فسيل‌هاي آهكي گذر پابده به آسماري در يال شمال‌شرقي تاقديس گورپي انتخاب شد. در اين برش، سازند پابده با 235 متر ضخامت اساساً از شيل، سنگ آهك مارني و مارن و سازند آسماري با ضخامت 55 متر از سنگ آهك تشكيل شده است. براي تعيين و معرفي گونه‌هاي شاخص، تجمع‌هاي فسيلي همراه و بيوزون‌ها، اسلايدهاي گذر سازند پابده به آسماري مطالعه شدند كه به تشخيص 39 گونه متعلق به 18 جنس از نانوفسيل‌هاي آهكي منجر شد. در مطالعۀ حاضر، 4 بيوزون در محدودۀ گذر سازند پابده به آسماري تعيين شدند. زون‌هاي Sphenolithus pseudoradiansZone(NP20)، Ericsonia subdisticha Zone (NP21)، Helicosphaera reticulataZone (NP22) و Sphenolithus predistintusZone (NP23) در سازند پابده با سن پري‌آبونين - روپلين و زون Sphenolithus distentusZone (NP24) در سازند آسماري با سن روپلين - چاتين از زون‌بندي Martini (1971) با زون‌هاي CNE19 تا CNO5از زون‌بندي Agnini et al. (2014) و زون‌هاي CP15b تا CP19a از زون‌بندي Okada and Bukry (1980)همخواني دارند. مطابق بيوزون‌هاي حاصل، بازۀ زماني گذر مطالعه‌شده از ائوسن پسين (پري‌آبونين) تا اليگوسن پسين (چاتين) است.

One of the most extensive Tertiary deposits is the marine strata of Pabdeh and Asmari Formations in Zagros, which was studied based on paleontology studies. Type section of Pabdeh Formation is located in Tang-e Pabdeh, North of Lali oilfield and type section of Asmari Formation is located in Tang-e Gel-Torsh in Asmari Mountains (James & Wynd, 1965). One of the most important achievement obtained from Pabdeh and Asmari Formations is the evaluationof boundaryand biostratigraphy of it. In the north eastern limb of Gurpi anticline, boundarybetweenof Pabdeh and Asmari Formations consists of 290 m thick which mainly consists of marl, marly limestone and shale.
Material & Methods
In this study 64 samples from Pabdeh and Asmari interval have been studied. Samples were prepared following standard smear slide method (Bown and Young 1998). All slides were studied under polarized light microscope at ×1000 magnification. The nomenclature of calcareous nannofossil follows the taxonomic schemes of Perch-Nielsen (1985) and Fornaciari et al. (2010).
Discussion of Results & Conclusion
In order to study biostratigraphy based on calcareous nannofossils, boundary of the Pabdeh/Asmari in north eastern limb of Gurpi anticline, Emamzadeh Baba section was selected. In this section, Pabdeh Formation with 235m thickness is mainly consists of shale, marly limestones, marl and Asmari Formation with 55m thickness is consists of limestones. For introducing index species, calcareous nannofossil assemblages and biozones, slides have been studied at the Pabdeh/Asmari Formations interval which led to the recognition of 39 species and 18 genera of calcareous nannofossils. In this study four biozones were detected in Pabdeh/Asmari boundary. Biozones Sphenolithus pseudoradians Zone(NP20), Ericsonia subdisticha zone (NP21), Helicosphaera reticulata Zone (NP22) and Sphenolithus predistintus Zone (NP23) in Pabdeh Formation with Priabonian-Rupelian in age and Sphenolithus distentus Zone (NP24) in Asmari Formation with Rupelian- Chattian of Martini (1971) zonation, equivalent to biozones (CNE19 - CNO5) of Agnini et al. (2014) zonation and (CP15b- CP19a) of Okada and Bukry (1980) zonation. According to the first and last occurrence of index species the following bio zones are identified:
Sphenolithus pseudoradians zone(NP20/CP15b)
This biozone is recorded from the FOSphenolithus pseudoradians to the LO of Discoaster saipanensis. The age of this zone is Late Eocene (Priabonian). The thickness of this zone has been measured approximately 71.4 m.
Ericsonia subdisticha zone (NP21)
The second zone is recorded from the LO of Discoaster saipanensis to the LO of Ericsonia formosa. The age of this zone is Late Eocene- Early Oligocene (Priabonian/ Rupelian). The thickness of this zone is 73 m.
Helicosphaera reticulata zone (NP22/ CP16c)
This zone spans the interval from the LO of Ericsonia formosa to the last occurrence of Reticulofenestra umbilica. The age of this zone is Early Oligocene (Rupelian). The thickness of this zone is 25 m.
Sphenolithus predistentus zone(NP23/ CP17-18)
The next nannofossil unit recorded in this study is theNP23. This zone spans the interval from the LO ofReticulofenestra umbilica to the FO ofSphenolithus ciperoensis. The age of this zone is Early Oligocene (Rupelian). The thickness of this zone was measured about 85 m.
Sphenolithus distentus zone (NP24 / CP19a)
The last biozone recorded is NP24. This zone is from the lower part of Asmari Formation.This zone spans the interval from the FO of Sphenolithus ciperoensisto the LO ofSphenolithus distentus. The age of this zone is Late Oligocene (Chattian). The thickness of this zone was measured about 34 m.
So, as result of this study and according to the identified biozones, the age of Pabdeh/Asmari boundary is Late Eocene (Priabonian) to Late Oligocene (Chattian).