كليدواژه :
CFRD , رويه‌ي بتني , كرنش‌هاي توسعه‌يافته , كشسان خميري , سخت‌شوندگي , اجزاء محدود
چكيده فارسي :
در اثر آبگيري مخزن در سدهاي پاره‌سنگي با رويه‌ي بتني، رويه‌ي بتني دچار تغييرشكل مي‌شود و تنش‌هاي كششي و فشاري در آن گسترش مي‌يابد. چنانچه مقدار تنش‌هاي ذكرشده بيش از مقدار مجاز شود، منجر به آسيب پوشش بتني مي‌شود و عملكرد سد را دچار اختلال مي‌كند. يكي از عوامل مهم در زمينه‌ي ذكرشده، تغييرشكل مصالح بدنه‌ي سد است. در نوشتار حاضر، ابتدا يك مدل رفتاري مناسب كه قابليت درنظر گرفتن رفتار مصالح پاره‌سنگي را داشته باشد، استفاده و پس از آن به مطالعه‌ي ديگر عوامل مؤثر پرداخته شده است. نتايج تحليل‌هاي عددي نشان مي‌دهد كه استفاده از يك مدل رفتاري مناسب براي مصالح بدنه‌ي سد، تأثير مهمي در عملكرد رويه‌ي بتني دارد. همچنين ارتفاع سد و ضريب اصطكاك بين رويه و مصالح بدنه‌ي سد از ديگر عوامل تأثيرگذار در مقدار تنش‌هاي توسعه‌يافته در پوشش بتني هستند.
چكيده لاتين :
Concrete-faced rockfill dams (CFRDs) have been widely used for multi-purposes over the world. The construction of CFRD involves placing the rockfill in finite thickness layers as a dam body material, and compacting them to reach desired height. A reinforced concrete slab is then constructed at the upstream face of the dam. The concrete face will transfer the water pressure imposed by reservoir to the rockfill and finally to the dam foundation. During impounding of CFRDs reservoir, the upstream concrete face undergoes deformations, resulting in the development of compressive and tensile stresses in the impermeable face. Where, generated stresses exceed allowable values, some cracks would develop in the face and cause deficiencies in the performance of CFRD as a water barrier structure. Regarding the fact that the dam body deformation as a result of reservoir imposed pressure, has a direct effect on concrete face deformation, adopting a suitable constitutive model to simulate rockfill material behaviour, is of particular concern in predicting deformation and developed stresses in the concrete-face of CFRDs. With regard to the previous works on the behavior of rockfill material using large_scale test equipments, the behavior of rockfill is found to be non-linear, inelastic and pressure dependent which clarifies the significance of adoption of a convenient model as dam body material. In this paper, to evaluate the capability of different models to predict the deformation of dam body material and subsequence effect on upstream face, two elasto-plastic constitutive models have been selected and calibrated using triaxial test results. After selection
of more proper model based on comparison by measured data in Da'ao dam, the performance assessment of concrete-face in terms of maximum deformation and developed in-slope direction strains, under different conditions was continued. Two-dimensional analyses wereconducted employing Finite Element Analysis (FEA) software, ABAQUS. This software has the ability of simulating multi-step analysis as applied for modeling of dam body in multi layers, placing the concrete face and applying water pressure of reservoir during impoundment, in this study. The analyses results, revealed the importance of rockfill material behavior in the performance of concrete-face, in addition to the remarkable role of dam height and the friction properties of face-rockfill interface.
