ارتباط ديسترس اخلاقي با مشخصات جمعيت شناختي پرستاران بخش مراقبت ويژه شهر تهران

The Association of Moral Distress and Demographic Characteristics in the Nurses of Critical Care Units in Tehran, Iran

زمينه و هدف: ديسترس اخلاقي در حرفه پرستاري امري اجتناب ناپذير است. پرستاران به دنبال ديسترس اخلاقي دچار علايمي مانند سردرگمي، ترس، اضطراب و بي‌قدرتي مي‌شوند و همين امر منجر به نارضايتي شغلي و ترك محل خدمت پرستاران مي‌شود. مطاله حاضر با هدف تعيين رابطه ديسترس اخلاقي با مشخصات جمعيت شناختي پرستاران بخش مراقبت‌هاي ويژه در مراكز آموزشي و درماني شهر تهران طراحي و اجرا گرديده است. روش بررسي: اين مطالعه مقطعي از نوع همبستگي توصيفي است و نمونه ها شامل 200 نفر از پرستاران شاغل در بخش‌هاي مراقبت ويژه مراكز منتخب شهر تهران هستند كه با روش نمونه‌گيري طبقه‌اي با تخصيص متناسب انتخاب شدند. داده‌ها با استفاده از پرسشنامهCorly جمع آوري شد و با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS نسخه 16 تجزيه و تحليل شد. نتيجه‌گيري كلي: ديسترس اخلاقي در پرستاران بخش مراقبت ويژه در حد متوسط گزارش شد كه مي‌تواند در امر مراقبت از بيماران و سلامت كاركنان تأثير منفي داشته باشد. به همين سبب نتايج اين پژوهش خطاب به مسئولين و مديران پرستاري است كه سياست‌هاي درماني متناسبي براي كاهش ديسترس اخلاقي در ميان پرستاران بخش مراقبت‌هاي ويژه اتخاذ نمايند

Moral distress in the nursing profession leads to adverse complications in the workplace. Nurses experiencing moral distress may show symptoms such as confusion, fear, anxiety, and powerlessness, which lead to job dissatisfaction and failure. The present study aimed to assess the correlation between moral distress and demographic characteristics of the critical care nurses in selected teaching hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive-correlational study was conducted on 200 nurses engaged in the critical care units of selected teaching hospitals in Tehran. The participants were selected via proportionate stratified sampling. Data were collected using the Corley questionnaire, and data analysis was performed in SPSS version 16. Results: The mean frequency of moral distress was 48.96 ± 18.21, which was close to the mean score of the instrument (49). The mean intensity of moral distress was 52.04 ± 18.43, which was higher than the mean score of the instrument (49). In addition, a significant correlation was observed between the frequency of moral distress and department of work (P=0.014). The frequency of moral distress was significantly lower in the ICU-OH compared to the CCU (P=0.040) and ICU (P=0.018), while the difference between ICU and CCU was not significant in this regard. A significant association was also observed between the severity of moral distress and the ward of employment (P=0.030). Moreover, the severity of moral distress was significantly lower in the ICUOH compared to the CCU (P=0.005) and ICU (P=0.008), while no significant difference was observed between the CCU and ICU. No significant correlations were denoted between moral distress and other demographic characteristics. Conclusion: According to the results, moral distress in the critical care nurses was moderate, which could adversely affect patient care and health of other staff. Therefore, it is recommended that nursing managers and authorities adopt proper strategies for the reduction of moral distress in critical care nurses.