برآورد توابع تقاضاي نهاده هاي توليد و عرضه گندم آبي و ديم در كشاورزي ايران

Estimation of profit, input demands and supply of irrigated and rain fed wheat in Iranian agriculture

Many studies show that farmers in developing countries are profit maximizer within the technological constraints they face. Very powerful arguments have emerged in applied econometrics with the development of the duality theory to study the interactions between production, profit and cost functions. A profit (or cost) function relates maximized profit (or minimized costs) to prices of outputs and inputs, such as fixed inputs and agro-climatic and social variables. The parameters of a profit function contain all the information about the underlying production function. The present paper provides an estimation of profits, inputs and demand and supply of irrigated and rain fed wheat for Iran, using Iterative Seemingly Unrelated Regressions (ISUR) method. Using Translog Profit Function, the profits, inputs demands, and supply were estimated jointly. Finally, own and cross price elasticities of input demands and supply were calculated.