پديد آورندگان :
علي محمدي مهريار دانشگاه هرمزگان - دانشكده علوم و فنون دريايي , ملكوتي حسين دانشگاه هرمزگان - دانشكده علوم و فنون دريايي , راه باني مريم دانشگاه هرمزگان - دانشكده علوم و فنون دريايي , آزادي مجيد سازمان هواشناسي تهران - پژوهشكده هواشناسي - مركز تحقيقاتي علوم جوي
كليدواژه :
طوفان حارهاي , داده گواري , شبيهسازي طوفان حارهاي گونو , wrf , داده گواري وردشي سهبعدي
چكيده فارسي :
وابستگي مدلهاي عددي به محدوده انتخابي، بر دقت نتايج پيشبيني و شبيهسازي طوفانهاي حارهاي موثر است. در بخش اول اين مطالعه، با استفاده از مدل wrf، حساسيت شبيهسازي مسير و شدت طوفان حارهاي گونو به محدودههاي انتخابي تعيين و در بخش دوم، عملكرد دادهگواري وردشي سهبعدي در كاهش وابستگي حساسيت شبيهسازي اين طوفان به محدودههاي انتخابي ارزيابي ميشود. نتايج در بخش اول نشان ميدهد كه عليرغم تفاوت كم در انتخاب محدودههاي انتخابي، مسيرهاي شبيه سازيشده اختلاف زيادي با هم دارند. نتايج در بخش دوم حاكيست كه با استفاده از دادهگواري دادههاي ماهوارهاي و همديدي موجود در زمان شروع مدل، كيفيت دادههاي حدس اوليه به اندازه زيادي ارتقاء پيدا كرده است؛ از اينرو، دقت مسيرهاي شبيهسازيشده در همه محدودههاي انتخابي ارتقاء پيدا ميكند و باعث كاهش حساسيت شبيهسازي طوفان حارهاي گونو به محدوده انتخابي ميشود. صرف نظر از اختلاف زياد در مسيرهاي شبيهسازي شده (به ويژه در حالت بدون استفاده از دادهگواري) كه بهنوبه خود بر شدت طوفان پيشبينيشده تاثيرگذار است، در همه شبيه سازيهاي انجامشده، شدت طوفان در زمان اوج آن در مقايسه با دادههاي مرجع سازمان هواشناسي هند (imd)، بيشتر و در مقايسه با دادههاي مرجع مركز مشترك هشدار طوفان (jtwc)، كمتر پيشبيني شد. از آنجاكه دماي سطح دريا تاثير زيادي بر شدت شبيهسازي طوفان دارد، مدل wrf جفتشده با يك مدل اقيانوسي، جهت تعيين دقيق دماي سطح دريا در طول مدت شبيهسازي ميتواند بر دقت نتايج اين مطالعه به ويژه شدت طوفان بيفزايد.
چكيده لاتين :
The dependence of numerical models on the selected domain, in turn, affects the accuracy of
prediction and simulation of Tropical Cyclones (TCs) and is considered as a very serious
challenge. In the first part of this study, the WRF model was used to determine the sensitivity
of the track and intensity of TC GONU to a selective domain. In the second part, the
performance of assimilation 3D in order to reduce the dependence of the sensitivity of the TC
Gonu simulation to the selective domains was evaluated. The Gonu was the strongest TC
occurred over the Arabian Sea. The peak intensity of TC Gonu was estimated 140 knots and
130 knots by Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) and India Meteorology Department
(IMD), respectively. Four domains were separately selected. All of the simulations in this
study were initialized at 00 UTC of 2 June for six days. In all simulations, authors used the
data from NCEP global final analysis (FNL) on a 1.0°×1.0° grid to provide initial and
boundary conditions. Despite the little difference in selective domains, the results in the first
section showed the simulated tracks differed compared with each other, considerably. For
performing simulations in the second part, the QSCAT, BUOY, METAR, SHIPS, SONDE,
and SYNOP data to number 2064, 30, 63, 18, 37, and 208, were used, respectively. The results
in the second part showed that assimilation of the satellite and synoptic data at the time of the
start of the model, lead to improving quality of the first guess data. Therefore, the accuracy of
the simulated tracks in all selected domains was enhanced and reduced the sensitivity of TC
Gonu simulation to the selected domain. Regardless of the great difference in simulated tracks,
especially in the case of no use of assimilation, which in turn influences the intensification of
the TC, in all of the simulations, the simulated intensity during the intensity peak of the TC is
higher compared with the IMD reference data and is less compared with JTWC reference data.
Since during the simulations, the sea-surface temperature has been used constantly and on the
other hand, the exact values of sea-surface temperature have a significant impact on the
intensity of the TC simulation, the WRF model coupled with an ocean model for accurate
determination of sea-surface temperature during simulation can improve the accuracy of the
results of this study. There is, of course, another way to improve the quality of the results,
when results depend on the selective domains. For every domain, one simulation is performed
and the average of the simulations is considered (ensemble forecast). The high amount of time
spent in this method is considered as serious trouble. It should be noted that in regional models,
the sensitivity of simulations to the selected domains is also highly dependent on the boundary
conditions, which should be considered.