اثربخشي برنامه آموزشي پيشگيري از خودكشي مبتني بر SOS بر كاهش افكار خودكشي و افسردگي دختران

EFFECTIVENESS OF SUICIDAL PREVENTION PROGRAM BASED ON SOS ON REDUCING SUICIDA, TENDENCIES and DEPRESSION IN GIRLS

ﭘﻴﺶﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻭ ﻫﺪﻑ: ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ، ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺍﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﻲ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺸﻲ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﻲ ﺑﺮ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ SOS ﺑﺮ ﺍﻓﮑﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺸﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺴﺮﺩﮔﻲﺩﺍﻧﺸﺠﻮﻱ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺍﻣﺎﻡ ﺧﻤﻴﻨﻲ ﻗﺰﻭﻳﻦ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﭘﻴﺶﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻭ ﻫﺪﻑ : ﺑﺮ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﺠﻮﻱ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺍﻣﺎﻡ ﺧﻤﻴﻨﻲ ﻗﺰﻭﻳﻦ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﻧﻔﺮ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﺠﻮﻱ 26 ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺵ ﮐﺎﺭ: ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻳﮏ ﮐﺎﺭﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﺼﺎﺩﻓﻲ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﭘﻴﺶﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥ ﻭ ﭘﺲﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺳﺎﻝ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻓﮑﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺸﻲ ﺑﮏ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺴﺮﺩﮔﻲ ﺑﮏ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ 20 ﺗﺎ 18 ﺩﺧﺘﺮ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺍﻣﺎﻡ ﺧﻤﻴﻨﻲ ﻗﺰﻭﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺳﻨﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭﻱ ﺗﺼﺎﺩﻓﻲ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﺴﺎﻭﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪ ﻭ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﺶﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥ ﻭ ﭘﺲﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥ ﻭ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﻪﺍﻱ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻲ ﻳﮏ ﻣﺎﻩ )ﻫﻔﺘﻪﺍﻱ ﺩﻭ ﺟﻠﺴﻪ( ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ 90 ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ 8 ﭘﻲﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﻣﻲﮐﺮﺩ )ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﻣﻲﻳﺎﻓﺖ(. ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﮐﻮﻭﺍﺭﻳﺎﻧﺲ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﺠﺰﻳﻪ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. SPSS 21 ﻣﻲﮐﺮﺩ. ﺩﺍﺩﻩﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺮﻡ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻱ ﭘﺲﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﻣﻌﻨﻲﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﻧﻤﺮﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻴﺶﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥ ﺁﺯﻣﻮﺩﻧﻲﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺸﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻓﺴﺮﺩﮔﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﺮﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺲﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩ. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﻣﻌﻨﻲﺩﺍﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﻧﻤﺮﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻭ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺸﻲ ﻭ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﻭ ﮐﺎﻫﻨﺪﻩ .( ﻧﻤﺮﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻴﮕﻴﺮﻱ ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺸﻲ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺣﺎﮐﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﻣﻌﻨﻲﺩﺍﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ P < 0,01 ﻭ F =46/47 ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﺩﺭ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺸﻲ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺍﺳﺖ ) (. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﻣﻌﻨﻲﺩﺍﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ P < 0,01 ﻭ F =22/15 ﻧﻤﺮﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻭ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺸﻲ ﻭ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻤﺮﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺍﺳﺖ ) .( ﻧﻤﺮﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻴﮕﻴﺮﻱ ﺍﻓﺴﺮﺩﮔﻲ P < 0,01 ﻭ F =40/03 ﻧﻤﺮﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻭ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻓﺴﺮﺩﮔﻲ ﻭ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﺩﺭ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺍﻓﺴﺮﺩﮔﻲ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺍﺳﺖ ) .(P < 0,01 ﻭ F =15/75 ﻧﺸﺎﻥﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﻣﻌﻨﻲﺩﺍﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﻧﻤﺮﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻭ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻓﺴﺮﺩﮔﻲ ﻭ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻤﺮﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺍﺳﺖ ) ﺩﺭ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺍﻓﺴﺮﺩﮔﻲ ﻭ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺸﻲ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ SOS ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪﮔﻴﺮﻱ: ﺩﺭﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺸﻲ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﻲ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺩﮐﺸﻲ ﻣﻤﮑﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺍﻥﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺍﻳﻔﺎﻱ ﻧﻘﺶ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ.

Background & Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of suicide prevention program based on SOS program on suicidal thoughts and depression among female students of Imam Khomeini International University in Qazvin. Materials & Methods: The present study is a randomized controlled clinical trial with pre-test and post-test control group. 26 female students of Imam Khomeini International University of Qazvin between the ages of 18 and 20 years old were selected based on Beck's Suicide Inventory and Beck Depression Inventory and a clinical interview and assigned randomly and equally to two interventional and control groups. The control group without participation in the program participated in the pre-test, post-test and follow-up training. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21 software and covariance analysis. Results: The findings showed a significant difference between the scores of the intervention group compared to the control group in suicidal tendency and depression scores. The results showed a significant difference between the two groups in suicide and the positive and decreasing effect of educational intervention on decreasing suicidal tendency in the intervention group (F = 46.47, P <0.01) and reducing depression in the intervention group. Suicidal follow-up scores (F = 22.15, 0.01, P <0.01) and scores for follow-up of depression (F = 40.03 and P 0.01) Indicates a significant difference between the scores of the two groups and the effect of educational intervention on the scores of the intervention group in the depression variable (F = 15.75 and P 0.01).