اوضاع سياسي كرمانشاه مقارن جنبش مشروطيت در ايران (1324-1327ق)

A Study of the Political Situation of Kermanshah in the Course of Constitutional Movement in Iran (1324-1387 AH)

جنبش مشروطيت، به­رغم آنكه خاستگاهش در تهران بود، اما دامنة آن به ديگر شهرها، از جمله كرمانشاه، نيز كشيده شد. جنبش مشروطه‌خواهي و پي­آمدهاي آن، در اوضاع داخلي­ كرمانشاه بسيار تأثير گذاشت و مردم اين شهر با جنبش مشروطه­خواهي همگرا شدند و اين همگرايي به شكل ستيزه­جويي بين مردم با حكام شهر، كه از مستبدين بودند، بروز يافت. آشوب­ها و اغتشاشات حاصل از اين ستيزه­ها در سطح شهر، عامل ضرر و زيان مردم گشت؛ اما موجب رويگرداني آنان از مشروطه­خواهان نشد و با تشديد افكار و رفتار مشروطه­خواهي، همچنان از رؤسا و رهبران مشروطه­خواه كرمانشاه پيروي مي­كردند. با اين وجود، در دورة استبداد صغير، كرمانشاه درگير آشوب­ها و اغتشاش­هاي بسياري ­شد كه ايلات به آن دامن مي­زدند و اوضاع داخلي شهر را در تنگناي امنيتي و اقتصادي قرار مي­دادند. اين پژوهش به روش كتابخانه­اي با بهره­گيري از آگاهي­هاي تاريخي و سندپژوهي، اوضاع سياسي شهر كرمانشاه را در سال­هاي 1324 تا 1327ق، مقارن رخداد مشروطيت در ايران، بررسي و علل آشوب­ها و درگيري­هاي داخلي آن را تحليل و تبيين مي­كند. يافتة پژوهش نشان مي­دهد كه به­سبب همراهي مردم كرمانشاه با جنبش مشروطه­خواهي، پيامدهاي حاصل از آن به كشمكش دروني نيروهاي متنفذ و فعال شدن رؤساي ايلات و آشفتگي اوضاع سياسي شهر انجاميد و آشوب‌هاي شهر ناشي از خصومت­هاي شخصي رجال و درگيري­هاي ميان ايلات بود كه ساختار شهري كرمانشاه را تشكيل مي­داد.

The Constitutional Movement, although it had its origin in Tehran, extended to other cities, including Kermanshah. The Constitutional Movement and its aftermath had a profound effect on Kermanshah's internal affairs, and the people of this city were converging with the Constitutional Movement, and this convergence emerged in the form of a militancy between the people and the city rulers who were tyrants. The chaos and turmoil resulting from riots in the city incurred losses and damages to the people, but did not turn them away from the constitutionalists, and with the intensification of constitutionalist thought and behavior, they continued to follow the ideals of the constitutionalist leaders in Kermanshah. However, during the period of Minor Despotism, Kermanshah became involved in many riots that aggravated the tribes and put the city's internal security and economic situation at a disadvantage. Using a library-based method, this research uses historical and documentary knowledge to study the political situation of Kermanshah in the years 1324 to 1327 AH, the constitutional events in Iran, and to investigate the causes of its chaos and internal conflicts. Analyzes and explains. The findings of the study show that due to the Kermanshah people's association with the constitutional movement, the consequences of it were the internal struggle of influential forces and the activation of tribal chiefs and the turbulence of the city's political situation, and it was the city's turmoil caused by personal hostilities of dignitaries and clashes between rival tribes that formed the urban structure of Kermanshah city