بررسي ارتباط بين حمايت اجتماعي درك شده و سلامت اجتماعي سالمندان در شهر خرم آباد

The Study of the Association between Perceived Social Support and Social Health of the Elderly in Khorramabad City

حمايت اجتماعي از عوامل تاثيرگذار بر سلامت اجتماعي و سالمندي موفق است. اين مطالعه با هدف بررسي ارتباط حمايت اجتماعي و سلامت اجتماعي سالمندان ساكن شهر خرمآباد انجام گرفت. روش كار در اين مطالعه توصيفي همبستگي تعداد 462 سالمند 60 سال و بالاتر به روش تصادفي چند مرحلهاي از سالمندان تحت پوشش مراكز جامع سلامت انتخاب شدند. وضعيت حمايت اجتماعي و سلامت اجتماعي آنان با استفاده از پرسشنامه و به روش مصاحبه حضوري بررسي گرديد. در نهايت داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS نسخه 20 و آمار توصيفي و تحليلي شامل آزمون هاي كاي اسكوئر، تي مستقل و ضريب همبستگي پيرسون تحيل گرديد. يافته ها يافته ها نشان داد سالمندان ساكن شهر خرم آباد از حمايت اجتماعي نسبتا خوب و سلامت اجتماعي متوسطي برخوردارند. بين حمايت اجتماعي خانواده، دوستان و افراد مهم زندگي با سلامت اجتماعي و خرده مقياس هاي آن ارتباط ضعيف تا متوسط وجود داشت. اما حمايت اجتماعي و خرده مقياس هاي آن با همبستگي اجتماعي ارتباط معني داري نداشتند. علاوهبراين بين سن، تحصيلات و ترتيب زندگي و برخي خرده مقياس هاي حمايت اجتماعي و سلامت اجتماعي ارتباط معنيدار وجود داشت. نتيجه گيري با توجه به ارتباط حمايت اجتماعي و سلامت اجتماعي اتخاذ سياست هاي تقويت ارتباطات خانوادگي و فراهم نمودن شرايط مشاركت اجتماعي در سطح ملي و محلي از جمله راهكارهاي تقويت سلامت اجتماعي سالمندان است.

Social support is one of the factors influencing social well-being and successful aging. This study was conducted to determine the association between social support and social well-being of elderly people in Khorramabad. Methods: In this descriptive-correlational study, 462 community dwelling elderly people living in Khorramabad were selected from health centers using multistage random sampling. Perceived social support and social well-being were assessed using standard questionnaire through a face-to-face interview. The data were analyzed by the SPSS software version 20, using descriptive and analytical statistics including Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficient, chi-square and independent t-test. Results: The findings showed that the older residents of the Khorramabad have relatively good social support and moderate social well-being. There was also a weak to moderate relationship between receiving social support of the family, friends and significant others with social well-being and its dimensions. But, there was no significant relationship between perceived social support and social solidarity. In addition, there was a significant relationship between age, education and living arrangements and some subscales of social support and social well-being. Conclusions: The findings of this study indicate the relationship between social support and social well-being of the elderly. Enhancing family relationships, providing social participation conditions for the elderly at the national and local level are among the strategies for strengthening the social health of the elderly.