پديد آورندگان :
رستنده, مجيد دانشگاه رازي كرمانشاه , وحيد, مبارك دانشگاه رازي كرمانشاه
چكيده فارسي :
عطّار كه انسي مستمر با قرآن كريم و احاديث داشته برابر مشرب فكري و نوع نگاه خويش، به نحوي گسترده به تأويل آيات و احاديث دست يازيده است. او در اين فرآيند علاوه بر تأويل‌هاي ساده‌ساختار و تك بعدي، تأويل‌هاي چند بعدي (منشوري) هم دارد؛ به اين صورت كه او بارها و از مناظر مختلف به يك موضوع قرآني يا روايي نگاه كرده و هر بار تأويلي متفاوت از آن موضوع واحد ارائه نموده است. اين ويژگي كه از مختصّات سبكي وي به شمار مي‌رود، با عنوان «تأويل منشوري» موضوع اين پژوهش است. از سوي ديگر با مطالعۀ آثار منظوم عطّار به روشني دريافت مي‌شود كه او در اين آثار، نگاهي خاص به فرآيند آفرينش آدم و هبوط او به زمين دارد. حال اين پرسش مطرح مي‌شود كه نوع نگاه او به «هبوط آدم از درگاه حق» چگونه است و چه ساختاري دارد؟ پژوهش حاضر بر پايۀ روش توصيف (descriptive) و تحليل محتوا (contentanalysis)، پاسخي براي اين پرسش ارائه كردهاست. يافته‌ها نشان مي‌دهند كه مجموعه تأويل‌هاي ارائه شده دربارۀ هبوط آدم، افزون براين كه بيانگر نگاه منشوري عطّار به ماجراي هبوط آدم هستند، مجموعه‌اي را تشكيل مي‌دهند كه مي‌توان آن را تأويل خوشه‌اي ناميد.
چكيده لاتين :
Attar who has been continuously in relation with the Holy Quran and hadiths ,has given a great deal of dedication to the interpretation of the verses and hadiths according to his intuition. In addition to simple structural and one dimensional interpretations,he has multi -dimensional interpretations too. In that way,he has looked to the same quranic and narrative matters for many times and gave a different interpretation each time. This feature which is characterized by his style is called »multi-dimensional interpretation «and it's the subject of this research. On the other hand, by studying poetic works of Attar,we clearly find his previlieged attitude to the process of Human's creation and his descending to the earth . Now, this question arises that how is his idea about Human descending from the court of God and what structure it has? The present research is based on a descriptive way and content analysis method and is designed to provide an answer to this question. Discoveries show that presented interpretation about descending of man indicate Attar's multidimensional look to the man's descending and also makes a collection that can be called clustered interpretation.
Key words: Human's descending, interpretation, multi-dimensional, Attars' poems.
Introduction
In approach to Quran and narrations, not only Attar has the common benefits from them but also he has taken the act of interpretation. Amongst his distinguished interpretations is the multi-faceted interpretations of one subject which will be referred to as ‘Prismatic Interpretation’ in this writing; an interpretation in which the interpreter looks at a subject from two or more facets and each time gives a different opinion comparing to the previous one.
Purpose
This research aims to study the performance of Attar Nishapuri at the moments of his encounter with verses regarding Adam’s fall and engage in analyzing and explanation of his Quranic interpretations in order to demonstrate an example of his prismatic interpretations to the reader.
Research Methodology
To achieve the aforementioned purpose, this research uses descriptive-analytic methodology to introduce an example of Attar’s prismatic interpretations.
Findings
Researches and studies show that Attar with his hermeneutic view has turned his hand to a special kind of interpretation which differs with other interpretations; a unique kind which is created based on his multi-dimensional point of view, and we name it as ‘Prismatic Interpretation’.
Results
Attar’s view which is interpretational toward verses and narrations becomes (prismatic) multi-dimensional in many cases; i.e. he looks at a subject from different angles and each times gives a different interpretation with the previous one. By studying this style feature in his poems with focus on “Adam’s fall”, it was clearly recognized that based on his theosophical and rhetorical interpretations and particularly with the use of poetical aetiology industry for the single subject of “Adam’s fall” has mentioned different factors and reasons: avoiding evil eye, novelty, servitude and submission statement, religion’s pain, escape from nearness pain, greed and divine fate. This style of interpretation in which a different aspect is taken each time and a different interpretation is given, we call prismatic interpretation. Also, we found that the collection of interpretation given in regard to Adam’s fall, in addition to the fact of Attar’s prismatic view toward Adam’s fall forms a collection that can be called clustered interpretation.
