رويكردي جامعه شناختي بر مناسبات ميان سلطنت و وزارت در دوره نخست غزنوي (387- 431 هـ/ 997- 1040م)

The Relations Between Monarchy and Ministry in the First Period Time of Ghaznavid (997-1040)

گذشته از رقابت قديمي و سنتي ميان دو نهاد سلطنت و وزارت (جنگ قدرت)، با دستيابي تركان به قدرت به دليل تفاوت و تقابل ميان دو انديشه و نگرش ايراني و ترك، و نيز رقابت و تضاد ميان ديوانسالاران ايراني از يك سو و صاحبان تخت و تاج يا همان اهل شمشير از سوي ديگر، شاهد چالش، رقابت و تضاد ميان آنها در دوره غزنوي هستيم. در نتيجه اين مسئله بود كه وزارت و پايگاه اجتماعي آن دچار آسيب ها و لطمات بسياري شد و از ثبات و ايمني اي كه لازمه تداوم كاركرد سياسي و اجتماعي آن نهاد بود كاسته شد و آن را دچار تضعيف و بي ثباتي نمود. اين نوشتار با روش توصيفي ـ تحليلي كه شيوه گردآوري اطلاعات آن كتابخانه اي است به بررسي مناسبات ميان سلطنت و وزارت در دوره سلطان محمود و مسعود غزنوي مي پردازد تا ضمن پي بردن به زواياي دروني مناسبات ميان آنان، به درك درست تر و واقعي تري از موقعيت و جايگاه متزلزل و بي ثبات وزارت و وزيران در آن دوره و حتي پس از آن دوره دست يابد؛ و به تأثيرات و نتايج ماندگار آن در ساختار سياسي و اجتماعي ايران واقف شود.

The Ministry has been always the genuine pillar of the government after Monarchy institute in the Iran's history. But the relation between these two institution are notable. In order to assess the relation between Monarchy institute and the Ministry in the time of Ghaznavid, the inner nature of two institutions, their places in the community and the political and social situations of the time should be considered. The assessment of sources from the Ghaznavid period indicates that there have been challenges among these two institutions, conflict and confrontaion have been existed. Beyond old and traditional competition of these two institutions of Monarchy and the Ministry (power struggles). Access to power by the Turks and differentiation and confrontaion of two opinion and theory of Iranian and Turks, competition between Iranian bureaucrats and the owners of thrones or sword from the other side, competition and conflict among them witnessing challenges on that period of the time. As the result of this mater hurt and stroked the Ministry and it decreased the constancy and security for continuation of this institute and made it unstable. The aim of this research is to use an analytic and descriptive method based on library investigations in order to survey relationships among Monarchy and the Ministry in the time of Sultan Mahmoud and Masoud Ghaznavid. The writing finds out the internal matters of their relations, shaky and unstable place of the Ministry and its Ministers on that periods and even after that and the immanent effect and results of that period until Iran’s contemporary history.