مدلسازي علل رفتار نابهنجار سازماني

Modeling the Causes of Abnormal Organizational Behaviors

رﻓﺘﺎرﻧﺎﺑﻬﻨﺠﺎر ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ، رﻓﺘﺎري داوﻃﻠﺒﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮدي ﻣﻨﻔﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺑﻬﺮه وري ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد. ﻫﺪف ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﮐﻪ از روش ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ، ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ )ﻋﻠﺖ ﯾﺎﺑﯽ( رﻓﺘﺎرﻧﺎﺑﻬﻨﺠﺎر ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ اﺑﻌﺎد، ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎ، ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎ و ﻧﺤﻮه ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﯿﻦ آﻧﻬﺎ اﺳﺖ. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ اي ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ از ﻧﻮع ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺸﯽ و ﺣﺠﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ آن در ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ 14 ﻧﻔﺮ و در ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﻤّﯽ 300 ﻧﻔﺮ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮاي ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ و اﺟﺮاي آﻣﺎر ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ از ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰارSPSS و ﺑﺮاي آزﻣﻮن ﻓﺮﺿﯿﻪ ﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎري و ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰارﻫﺎيAMOS و LISREL اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰارATLAS و ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ رﻓﺘﺎرﻧﺎﺑﻬﻨﺠﺎر ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و دو ﺑُﻌﺪ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ دروﻧﯽ و ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺑﯿﺮوﻧﯽ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺑﺮاي ﺑُﻌﺪ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ دروﻧﯽ ﭘﻨﺞ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ و ﺑﺮاي ﺑُﻌﺪ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺑﯿﺮوﻧﯽ، دو ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ و ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﮔﺸﺘﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻫﺮﮐﺪام ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﻪ 2 و 7 ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ، ﺑﯿﻦ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ دروﻧﯽ و ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ - ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ، ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﺮﻗﺮار ﮔﺸﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﻤّﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﻣﯿﺰان ﺗﻄﺒﯿﻖ ﻧﻈﺮات ﻣﺪﯾﺮان در ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻫﺪف ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﺣﮑﺎﯾﺖ از ﻋﺪم ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﯿﻦ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ و ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ دروﻧﯽ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻋﺪم ﺗﺎﯾﯿﺪ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ و ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ دارد. ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ رﻓﺘﺎرﻧﺎﺑﻬﻨﺠﺎر ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ، ﻣﺪﯾﺮان ﺑﺎﯾﺪ از اﺑﺰارﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﻧﻈﯿﺮ آﻣﻮزش و ﻣﺸﺎوره اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮐﻨﻨﺪ و ﺗﻌﻬﺪ ﺑﻪ رﻋﺎﯾﺖ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن را ﭼﻪ در رﻓﺘﺎر ﺧﻮد و ﭼﻪ در ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻧﻬﺎدﯾﻨﻪ ﮔﺮداﻧﻨﺪ.

Abnormal Organizational Behaviors (AOB) consider as negative voluntary behaviors, which reduce the productivity of the organization. The purpose of this research, which uses the mixed method, is to explain this kind of behavior and identify its dimensions, components and indicators and their relationship. This research is a descriptive survey, which its statistical sample size is 300. SPSS was used to measure the reliability of the questionnaire and descriptive statistics. Structural equation modeling method and two software (Amos-Lisrel) were used to test research hypotheses. The results obtained from the qualitative section (by using Atlas software) indicated that two dimensions can be identified for AOB: 1. Internal Factors, 2. External Factors. Five indicators were identified for Internal Factors and two components by the name of Environmental Factors and Organizational Factors were identified for External Factors, which each of these components decreased to two and seven indicators, respectively. In addition, there was a relationship between Environmental Factors - Internal Factors and Environmental Factors - Organizational Factors. The results of the quantitative section indicated that there is no relation between Environmental Factors and Internal Factors. In addition, the results did not confirm that Self-Perception and Organizational Culture can be counted as a component. In order to managing AOB, managers should use methods like training and counseling; and they should institutionalize law obedience in both their behavior and their organization.