الگوي الزامات استقرار خدمات دولت الكترونيكي در بستر رسانه‌هاي اجتماعي: دولت الكترونيك 2.0

A Pattern for the Requirements of Establishing Government Services in the Context of Social Media: e-Government 2.0

اﻣﺮوزه ﻓﻨﺎوري وب 2,0 و رﺳﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ ﺗﻮﺳـﻌﻪ ي ﺗﻌـﺎﻣﻼت و ارﺗﺒﺎﻃـﺎت دوﻃﺮﻓـﻪ در ﺣﻮزه ﻫﺎي ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮن، ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﻣﻮردﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ دوﻟﺘﯽ ﻗﺮارﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ. درواﻗﻊ ﺑﺨﺶ دوﻟﺘﯽ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺧﺪﻣﺎت رﺳﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﯾﺎن ﺧﻮد ﻧﯿﺎزﻣﻨﺪ ﻫﻤﺮاﻫﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات و ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺷﺪن ﺑﻪ ﻓﻨﺎوري ﻣﺬﮐﻮر اﺳـﺖ . ﻫـﺪف ﺗﺤﻘﯿـﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ زﻣﯿﻨﻪ اي و اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت اﺳﺘﻘﺮار دوﻟﺖ اﻟﮑﺘﺮوﻧﯿـﮏ 2,0 اﺳـﺖ . در ﺗﺤﻘﯿـﻖ ﺣﺎﺿـﺮ از روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ آﻣﯿﺨﺘﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. در ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﻘﺎﻻت و ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻫﺎي ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻦ و اﻧﺠﺎم ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺑﺎ 15 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﺧﺒﺮﮔﺎن ﺣﻮزه ي ﻓﻨﺎوري اﻃﻼﻋﺎت و دوﻟﺖ اﻟﮑﺘﺮوﻧﯿﮏ و ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺗﻤﺎﺗﯿـﮏ ، اﻟﺰاﻣـﺎت اﺳﺘﻘﺮار دوﻟﺖ اﻟﮑﺘﺮوﻧﯿﮏ 2,0 ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﺷﺪ. در ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﻤﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 33 ﺳـﺆال ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ 250 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﺧﺒﺮﮔﺎن داﻧﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ، ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ و ﻓﺎرغ ﺗﺤﺼـﯿﻼن ﺣـﻮزه ي ﻓﻨـﺎوري اﻃﻼﻋـﺎت و دوﻟـﺖ اﻟﮑﺘﺮوﻧﯿﮏ 2,0 ﮐﻪ رواﯾﯽ ﺻﻮرﺗﯽ و ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي آن ﺑﺎ ﻧﻈﺮ اﺳﺎﺗﯿﺪ و ﺧﺒﺮﮔﺎن و ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ آن ﺑﺎ اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده از آزﻣـﻮن آﻟﻔﺎي ﮐﺮون ﺑﺎخ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺪار 0,90 ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺎﺋﯿﺪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ، اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. درﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده از آزﻣـﻮن T ﺗـﮏ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ اي، ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﺷﺪه در ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﻣﻮردﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه ﻧﺸـﺎن داد ﮐـﻪ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻓﻨﯽ، اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ، ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﯽ، ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ، اﻣﻨﯿﺘﯽ ﺟﻬﺖ اﺳﺘﻘﺮار و ﺑﻬـﺮه ﻣﻨـﺪ ي از ﻓﻨـﺎوري دوﻟـﺖ اﻟﮑﺘﺮوﻧﯿﮏ 2,0 داراي اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﺑﺎﻻﯾﯽ اﺳﺖ.

Nowadays, Web 2.0 technology and social media, which have paved the way for expansion of two-way interactions and communications, have been thrust into the spotlight in various fields. The government sector also needs to keep up with the latest changes and equip itself with the mentioned technology to be able to provide better services to its clients. Against this backdrop,The purpose of the present study is to investigate the factors and requirements for e-Government 2.0 establishment. In this study, mixed research method was used. In the qualitative section, by reviewing the literature and interviewing15experts in the field of information technology (IT) and e-government, using thematic analysis, the requirements for establishing e-government 2.0 were identified. In the quantitative section, a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of 33 closed-ended questions was used and its form and content validity was confirmed by the experts and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha formula. The questionnaire was distributed among 250 academic and organizational experts as well as graduates in IT fields and then one-sample T-test was used to identify the factors. The results showed that considering technical, social, legal, organizational, and security factors for successful establishment and utilization of e-Government 2.0 technology is of great importance.