معنايي متفاوت از رنگ سياه در ماهي سياه كوچولو

A Different Meaning of Black

ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﺳﯿﺎه ﮐﻮﭼﻮﻟﻮ از ﮐﺘﺎب ﻫﺎﯾﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ در ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ادﺑﯿﺎت ﮐﻮدك و ﻧﻮﺟﻮان ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺎه وﯾﮋه اي دارد. ﻣﻌﻨﺎي اﺳﺘﻌﺎري و اﻧﻘﻼﺑﯽ اﯾﻦ ﮐﺘﺎب از ﻫﻤﺎن اﺑﺘﺪا ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻧﺎﻗﺪان ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ؛ اﻣﺎ رﺿﺎ رﻫﮕﺬر اﯾﻦ ﮐﺘﺎب را ﻓﺎﻗﺪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎي اﺳﺘﻌﺎري ﻣﯽ داﻧﺪ. او ﺑﺎﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﯿﺎه ﺑﻮدن ﻣﺎﻫﯽ اﯾﻦ رﻧﮓ را ﻓﺎﻗﺪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎي اﻧﻘﻼﺑﯽ ﻣﯽ داﻧﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺑﺮﺧﯽ رﻫﯿﺎﻓﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻫﺮﻣﻨﻮﺗﯿﮏ، ﻣﻌﻨﺎي رﻧﮓ ﺳﯿﺎه را دﻧﺒﺎل ﻧﻤﻮده اﯾﻢ. ﺑﺪﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر، ﻣﻌﻨﺎي رﻧﮓ ﺳﯿﺎه را در ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺮي از ﯾﮏ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﻪ داﺳﺘﺎﻧﯽ و ﺳﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ي دﯾﮕﺮ ﮐﺎوش ﻧﻤﻮده اﯾﻢ. ﺑﻪ ﻋﻼوه ﻧﺸﺎن داده اﯾﻢ ﮐﻪ اﻧﻘﻼب ﻫﺎي آزادي ﺑﺨﺶ ﺿﺪاﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎري، ﺑﻪ وﯾﮋه آﻓﺮﯾﻘﺎ، ﮐﻪ در ﻫﻤﺎن زﻣﺎن در ﺣﺎل رخ ﻣﯽ داد، ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟﻪ آزادﯾﺨﻮاﻫﺎن ﮐﺸﻮر ﻣﺎ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﭘﺲ از اﯾﻨﮑﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن دادﯾﻢ ﭘﯿﺶ از اﻧﻘﻼب اﺳﻼﻣﯽ ﺳﺎل ﭘﻨﺠﺎه وﻫﻔﺖ رﻧﮓ ﺳﯿﺎه، ﻣﻌﻨﺎي اﻧﻘﻼب و اﯾﺴﺘﺎدﮔﯽ در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ اﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎر و اﺳﺘﺒﺪاد را ﺑﺮاي ﻋﺪه اي ﺗﺪاﻋﯽ ﻣﯽ ﮐﺮده اﺳﺖ، و ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد رﻧﮓ ﺳﯿﺎه در اﯾﻦ داﺳﺘﺎن ﻣﻌﻨﺎي اﺳﺘﻌﺎري وﯾﮋه ﺧﻮد را دارد، ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ راﺑﻄﻪ ي داﺳﺘﺎن اﺳﺘﻌﺎري و ادﺑﯿﺎت ﮐﻮدك و ﻧﻮﺟﻮان در ﭼﻨﺪ ﮐﺘﺎب ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ادﺑﯿﺎت ﮐﻮدك و ﻧﻮﺟﻮان ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ و ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﯾﻢ ﮐﻪ آﻧﭽﻪ در ﺑﺮﺧﯽ از اﯾﻦ ﮐﺘﺎب ﻫﺎ آﻣﺪه اﺳﺖ، اﺣﺘﯿﺎج ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎزﺑﯿﻨﯽ و اﺻﻼح دارد.

The Little Black Fish by Samad Behrangi is one of the books that has a special place in the history of children and adolescent literature. Reza Rahgozar (Mohammad Reza Sarshar) considers this book to have no metaphorical meaning because black color does not have any revolutionary connotation. In this article, some features of hermeneutics theory are applied to understand the meaning of black. To this end, the meaning of black in a picture of a fictional poem and three articles are explored. It is argued that anti-colonial liberation revolutions, especially in Africa, which were taking place at the same time, have been the focus of attention among Iranian intellectuals of the time. Prior to the Islamic Revolution, the color black signified revolution and resistance to colonialism and despotism. Hence, the use of black in this story has its own metaphorical meaning. Discussing the relationship between metaphorical story and children's literature, it is concluded that several reference books for children and adolescents must reconsider and revise what they have presented in this respect.