حدود صلاحيت ديوان عدالت اداري در دعاوي خصوصي سازي خدمات و كالاهاي عمومي

The Scope of the Administrative Justice Court’s Competence on Cases for Privatization of Public Goods and Services

امروزه نظريه خدمت عمومي و ضرورت تامين كالاها و خدمات عمومي بيش از پيش اهميت دارد و اين مهم در قانون اساسي و قوانين عادي داراي جايگاه ويژه اي است. ابلاغ سياست هاي كلي اصل 44 قانون اساسي، نقطه عزيمت و سنگ بناي بروز برخي مسايل در حوزه خصوصي سازي كالاها و خدمات عمومي است. مطابق اين نظريه، تامين و ارايه كالاها و خدمات عمومي، يا از سوي نهادهاي عمومي و يا از طريق نهادهاي خصوصي زير نظر اشخاص عمومي انجام مي شود؛ بنابراين ماهيت عمومي كالاها و خدمات عمومي با واگذاري به بخش خصوصي تغيير نمي يابد. هدف از نگارش اين مقاله، تبيين و تحليل دلايل توسيع قلمروي صلاحيتهاي ديوان عدالت اداري در رسيدگي به دعاوي ناشي از اقدامات نهادهاي عمومي عام المنفعه اي است كه خصوصي سازي شده اند. اين توسعه صلاحيت، لزوما به منزله ارجاع مستقيم موضوعات و افزايش بار دعاوي در ديوان عدالت اداري نيست؛ بلكه مي تواند با ايجاد مراجع شبه قضايي مرتبط با هر حوزه خدمات عمومي و نظارت عالي ديوان بر تصميمات اين مراجع صورت پذيرد. امري كه به نوبه خود مستلزم شناسايي بسترهاي قانوني موجود و اصلاح قوانين منطبق با چنين ايده اي است.

Today, more than ever, the theory of public services and the necessity to procure public goods and services are important and are considered with due attention in the Constitutional Law and other legislations .Announcement of General Policies of Principle 44 of the Constitutional Law has been the starting point for some challenges to be occurred in the course of privatizing the procurement of public services and goods. According to the theory of public services, procurement of public goods and services is undertaken by public bodies or through private organizations which are operating under the supervision of public bodies. Therefore, the essence of public goods and services does not alter when the procurement of such goods and services is assigned to private sector. The purpose of this research is to determine and analyze the reasons for expanding the authority of the Administrative Justice Court in dealing with disputes which arise from the acts of those assigned public social-welfare bodies. Whereas the expansion of authority of Administrative Justice Court does not necessarily result in the direct referral of claims and increase in the disputes which are raised in the Administrative Justice Court, such expansion of authority gives rise to the establishment of quasi-judicial bodies relevant to each category of public services under the superior surveillance of the Administrative Justice Court. For this purpose, it is necessary to identify the existing legal contexts and amend the regulations accordingly.