اثربخشي آموزش خود - دلسوزي شناختي بر انعطاف‌پذيري شناختي زنان سرپرست خانوار تحت پوشش كميتۀ امداد امام خميني (ره)

The Effectiveness of Cognitive Self-compassion Training on Cognitive Flexibility of Female-headed Households

اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ آﻣﻮزش ﺧﻮد-دﻟﺴﻮزي ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﺑﺮ اﻧﻌﻄﺎفﭘﺬﯾﺮي ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ زﻧﺎن ﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳﺖ ﺧﺎﻧﻮار اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. روش اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻧﻮع ﻧﯿﻤﻪآزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮح ﭘﯿﺶآزﻣﻮن- ﭘﺲآزﻣﻮن ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﻮد. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪي آﻣﺎري ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ را ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ زﻧﺎن ﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳﺖ ﺧﺎﻧﻮار ﺗﺤﺖ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﮐﻤﯿﺘﻪي اﻣﺪاد اﻣﺎم ﺧﻤﯿﻨﯽ)ره( ﺷﻬﺮ رﺷﺖ در ﺳﺎل 1394 ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ دادﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ از ﺑﯿﻦ آنﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي در دﺳﺘﺮس، ﺗﻌﺪاد 30 ﻧﻔﺮ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب و ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ )15 ﻧﻔﺮ( و ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل )15 ﻧﻔﺮ( ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺰﯾﻦ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ، 8 ﺟﻠﺴﻪي 90 دﻗﯿﻘﻪاي ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪي ﺧﻮد-دﻟﺴﻮزي ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ آﻣﻮزش داده ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮاي ﮔﺮدآوري دادهﻫﺎ در دو ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪي ﭘﯿﺶآزﻣﻮن و ﭘﺲآزﻣﻮن از ﭘﺮﺳﺶ-ﻧﺎﻣﻪي اﻧﻌﻄﺎفﭘﺬﯾﺮي ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ دﻧﯿﺲ و وﻧﺪروال )2010( اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. دادهﻫﺎي ﮔﺮدآوردي ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آزﻣﻮن آﻣﺎري ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﮐﻮوارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﭘﺲ از ﺗﻌﺪﯾﻞ ﻧﻤﺮهﻫﺎي ﭘﯿﺶآزﻣﻮن، ﺗﻔﺎوت ﺑﯿﻦ ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ و ﮐﻨﺘﺮل در ﺳﻄﺢ آﻟﻔﺎي 0/01 ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﺑﻮد؛ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ، ﻓﺮﺿﯿﻪي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻣﺒﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ آﻣﻮزش ﺧﻮد-دﻟﺴﻮزي ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﺑﺮ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ اﻧﻌﻄﺎفﭘﺬﯾﺮي ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ و ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎي آن در زﻧﺎن ﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳﺖ ﺧﺎﻧﻮار و ﺗﻔﺎوت ﺑﯿﻦ ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ و ﮐﻨﺘﺮل از ﻟﺤﺎظ ﻣﯿﺰان اﻧﻌﻄﺎفﭘﺬﯾﺮي ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ و ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎي آن در ﭘﺲآزﻣﻮن ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺄﯾﯿﺪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ، ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﮐﻪ آﻣﻮزش ﺧﻮد-دﻟﺴﻮزي ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ در اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ اﻧﻌﻄﺎفﭘﺬﯾﺮي ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ زﻧﺎن ﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳﺖ ﺧﺎﻧﻮار اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺶ اﺳﺖ. ﻟﺬا ﻣﯽﺗﻮان از آن ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ ﺳﻮدﻣﻨﺪ ﺑﺮاي ارﺗﻘﺎي انعطاف ﭘﺬﯾﺮي ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ زﻧﺎن ﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳﺖ ﺧﺎﻧﻮار اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮐﺮد.

The present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive self-compassion on cognitive flexibility of female-headed households. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design according to control group. The statistical population of this study comprised of whole women heads of households of Rasht city in the year of 2015. Among them thirty persons were selected available sampling method and randomly from this society assigned to two experimental (15 persons) and control groups (15 persons). The experimental group had received 8 sessions of 90 minutes of cognitive self-compassion program. Cognitive flexibility questionnaire used to data gathering. Data were analyzed Analysis of co-variance (ANCOVA). The results showed that after adjusting the pretest scores, the difference between the test and control groups was significant at the alpha level of 0.01. Therefore, a research hypothesis based on the effectiveness of cognitive self-efficacy on the increase of cognitive counseling components among female head of household and the difference between the group Testing and control were ensured in terms of the cognitive flexibility of post-test flexibility. So, we can conclude that Cognitive self-compassion Program has a significant effect on Cognitive Flexibility of female-headed households, than it can be used as useful method for improving the quality of life in female-headed households.