ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﻧﮕﺮش ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ

Sociological Factors Effective in Political Viewpoin

ﻧﮕﺮش ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ در ﻣﻌﻨﺎي ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ اﻫﺪاف و ﺧﻮاﺳﺘﻪﻫﺎ و ﺷـ ﯿﻮه و ﺳـﺮﻋﺖ ﺗﺤﻘـﻖ آن ﻫـﺎ در ﯾـ ﮏ ﺳﯿﺴـﺘﻢ ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ، ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﮐﻨﺶﻫﺎي ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ اﻓﺮاد و ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﻧﻮع اﯾﻦ ﮐﻨﺶﻫﺎ اﺳﺖ. ﻧﮕﺮش ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﮐﻨﺶﻫـﺎ ي ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ ﺧﺎص را اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ داده و ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ آن ﺑﻪ ﭘﯿﺶﺑﯿﻨﯽ وﻗﺎﯾﻊ ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ ﮐﻤﮏ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﮐﺮد. ﻫﻤﯿﻦ ﻣﻬـﻢ اﺳـﺖ ﮐﻪ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻧﮕﺮش ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ را ﺿﺮوري ﻣﯽﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ؛ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﯿﻦ ﺧﺎﻃﺮ، ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺗﻼش دارد ﺗﺎ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺑﺴـﻂ ﻧﻈـﺮ ي ﻣﻔﻬﻮم ﻧﮕﺮش ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ، ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ آن و ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﯽ ﺷﮑﻞﮔﯿﺮي آن را ﺗﻮﺿﯿﺢ دﻫﺪ. ﻧﮕـﺮش ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ راﺑﻄﻪ ﻗﻄﻌﯽ و ﺿﺮوري ﺑﺎ رﻓﺘﺎر ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ ﻧﺪارد؛ اﻣﺎ از آﻧﺠﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﮐﻨﺶﻫﺎي ﺳﯿﺎﺳـ ﯽ ﺧـﺎص را اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ و ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ ﺟﻬﺖ ﭘﯿﺶﺑﯿﻨﯽ اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﯽ ﮐﻨﺶﻫﺎي ﺳﯿﺎﺳـ ﯽ اﺳـﺖ؛ ﻟـﺬا، ﺷـﻨﺎﺧﺖ آن ﺑـﻪ ﺷـﻨﺎﺧﺖ اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﯽ ﮐﻨﺶﻫﺎي ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ ﮐﻤﮏ ﮐﺮده و ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ ﭘﯿﺶﺑﯿﻨﯽ در ﺣـﻮزه ﺳ ﯿﺎﺳـﺖ را اﻓـﺰا ﯾﺶ ﻣـ ﯽدﻫـﺪ . ﻋﻮاﻣـﻞ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺷﮑﻞﮔﯿﺮي ﻧﮕﺮش ﺳﯿﺎﺳـ ﯽ ﮐـﻪ در ﺳـﻄﺢ ﻣﺘﻮﺳـﻂ و ﮐـﻼ ن اﺟﺘﻤـﺎﻋ ﯽ ﻣﻄـﺮح اﺳـﺖ ﻋﺒﺎرتاﻧﺪ از: ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪﭘﺬﯾﺮي ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ، ﺗﺒﻠﯿﻐﺎت، ﮔﺮوه، ﻃﺒﻘﻪ، دﯾﻦ/ﻣﺬﻫﺐ، ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎ/ﻣﺤﻞ ﺳﮑﻮﻧﺖ، ﻧﮋاد/ﻗﻮﻣﯿﺖ و

Political viewpoint in the sense of objective quality, demand, method and the speed of realization in a political system encourages the political actions of individuals. Political viewpoint strengths the likelihood of particular political actions; hence, its study contributes to the prediction of political events. Accordingly, this study aims to theoretically develop the political viewpoint of effective sociological elements as a concept and elucidate its configuration. There is no definite and necessary relation between political viewpoint and political behavior, however, as it strengthens the likelihood of particular political actions and it is an element for the prediction of the likely political actions, its study contributes to the likely recognition of political actions and strengthens the prediction in politics as a capability. Sociological elements effective in the configuration of political viewpoint which are discussed at the middle and high classes of the society include: political sociability, propaganda, group, class, religion, geography, residence, race/ethnicity and meta socio-developments