رابطه جهت گيري هدف و پيشرفت تحصيلي: يك پژوهش فراتحليلي

Meta-analysis of relationship between goal orientation and academic achievement

هدف ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ اﯾﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺮهﮔﯿﺮي از روش ﻓﺮاﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﮐﻤﯽ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﭘﮋوﻫﺶﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ در ﻣﻮرد راﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ ﺟﻬﺖﮔﯿﺮي ﻫﺪف ﺑﺎ ﭘﯿﺸﺮﻓﺖ ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ ﺑﭙﺮدازد. ﺑﺮاي ﻧﯿﻞ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻫﺪف در ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ از ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎي ﮐﻤﯽ 23 ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ از اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت 82 اﻧﺪازه اﺛﺮ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﻻت ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﺑﺎﻧﮏ اﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﯽ SID اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻌﺪ از ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﻼكﻫﺎي ورود و ﺧﺮوج، ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي آﻣﺎري ﻣﻨﺘﺨﺐ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار CMA وﯾﺮاﯾﺶ 2 ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. اﻧﺪازه اﺛﺮ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﯽ در ﻣﺪل ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﺟﻬﺖﮔﯿﺮي ﺗﺴﻠﻂﮔﺮا ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 0/207، ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺴﻠﻂﮔﺮﯾﺰ 0/020، ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮدﮔﺮا 0/094 و ﺑﺮاي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮدﮔﺮﯾﺰ 0/068- ﺑﻮد، اﯾﻦ اﻧﺪازه اﺛﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﺟﻬﺖﮔﯿﺮي ﺗﺴﻠﻂﮔﺮا و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮدﮔﺮا ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﺷﺪ و ﺑﺮاي ﺟﻬﺖﮔﯿﺮي ﺗﺴﻠﻂﮔﺮﯾﺰ و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮدﮔﺮﯾﺰ ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﻧﺸﺪ، ﻣﻌﻨﺎدارﺷﺪن اﻧﺪازه اﺛﺮ ﺑﺮاي دو ﺟﻬﺖﮔﯿﺮي ﺗﺴﻠﻂﮔﺮا و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮدﮔﺮا ﻧﺸﺎندﻫﻨﺪه ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ و ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار آنﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ ﭘﯿﺸﺮﻓﺖ ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ اﺳﺖ، اﻣﺎ ﺑﺮ ﻃﺒﻖ ﻣﻼك ﮐﻮﻫﻦ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﮐﻢ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد، ﺑﻪﻋﺒﺎرتدﯾﮕﺮ اﯾﻦ راﺑﻄﻪ در ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﻮردﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﮐﻢ اﺳﺖ.

The purpose of this study is to provide a meta-analysis method for combining the Quantitative Result of different study about relationship between goal orientation and academic achievement. To achieve this goal, we used the qualitative findings of 23 researches from which 82 effect sizes were obtained. The statistical population of the study is all articles in SID database . After considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the selected statistical indicators were analyzed by CMA software version 2. The size of combined effect of random model was 207/0 for Mastery Goal Orientations, 020/0 for Mastery -avoidance goals, 094/0 for Performance Goal Orientations ،, and 068/0- for performance-avoidance goals. this effect sizes were significant for Mastery and performance Goal Orientations and Non-significant for Mastery and performance -avoidance goals. Being significant effect size for Mastery and performance Goal Orientations represents both a significant and a positive impact on educational attainment. But, according to Cohen's criteria, this effect size has a slight effect. In other words, this relationship is low in the studied population.