بررسي ويژگي هاي روان سنجي مقياس ارزش هاي اجتماعي هيجاني و تاب آوري در كودكان عادي و ناشنواي پيش دبستاني

Study of Persian version of Social-Emotional Assets and Resilience Scale's psychometric properties in normal and deaf preschool children

ﻫﺪف از ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎي روانﺳﻨﺠﯽ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ارزشﻫﺎي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ- ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻧﯽ و ﺗﺎبآوري در ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن ﻋﺎدي و ﻧﺎﺷﻨﻮاي ﭘﯿﺶدﺑﺴﺘﺎﻧﯽ در ﺷﻬﺮ اﺻﻔﻬﺎن ﺑﻮد. اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ و از ﻧﻮع ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﻮد. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 382 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺎن، ﻣﺎدران ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن ﻋﺎدي و ﻧﺎﺷﻨﻮاي ﭘﯿﺶدﺑﺴﺘﺎﻧﯽ ﺷﻬﺮ اﺻﻔﻬﺎن در ﺳﺎل 1397-98 ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﻪﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 310 ،10 و 62 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺎن و ﻣﺎدران ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن ﻋﺎدي و ﻧﺎﺷﻨﻮا ﻣﯽﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﮔﺮدﯾﺪﻧﺪ. اﺑﺰار ﺳﻨﺠﺶ، ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ارزشﻫﺎي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ- ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻧﯽ و ﺗﺎبآوري ﺑﺮاي ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن ﭘﯿﺶدﺑﺴﺘﺎﻧﯽ )SEARS( ﺑﻮد. ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ رواﯾﯽ ﺻﻮري و ﻣﺤﺘﻮاﯾﯽ از ﻧﻈﺮ 10 ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﺷﺎﺧﺺ رواﯾﯽ ﻣﺤﺘﻮاﯾﯽ ﺑﻪ روش ﻻواﺷﻪ و روش واﻟﺘﺰ و ﺑﺎﺳﻞ ﺑﻪدﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ و ﺷﺎﺧﺺ رواﯾﯽ ﺳﺎزه ﺑﻪ روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش آﻟﻔﺎي ﮐﺮوﻧﺒﺎخ ﺑﻪدﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. ﻣﻘﯿﺎس در ﭘﻨﺞ ﺧﺮدهﻣﻘﯿﺎس ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 42 ﺳﺆال ﭼﻬﺎر ﮔﺰﯾﻨﻪاي ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﺷﺪ. رواﯾﯽ ﺻﻮري و ﻣﺤﺘﻮاﯾﯽ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ رواﯾﯽ ﻣﺤﺘﻮاﯾﯽ ﮐﻞ=0/83 ﺗﺄﯾﯿﺪ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺷﺎﺧﺺ رواﯾﯽ ﻣﺤﺘﻮاﯾﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﻫﺮﯾﮏ از ﺧﺮدهﻣﻘﯿﺎسﻫﺎي ﺧﻮدﺗﻨﻈﯿﻤﯽ، ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﮕﯽ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ، ﻫﻤﺪﻟﯽ، ﻣﺴﺆوﻟﯿﺖﭘﺬﯾﺮي و داﻧﺶ ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﻪﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 0/81 ،0/83 ،0/89 ،0/83 و 0/84 ﺑﻮد. ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ﺑﺎ آﻟﻔﺎي ﮐﺮوﻧﺒﺎخ ﺑﺮاي ﻧﻤﺮه ﮐﻞ 0/88 و ﺑﺮاي ﻫﺮﯾﮏ از ﺧﺮدهﻣﻘﯿﺎسﻫﺎ ﺑﻪﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 0/84 ،0/90 ،0/86 ،0/87 و 0/86 ﺑﻪدﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ارزشﻫﺎي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ- ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻧﯽ و ﺗﺎبآوري ﺑﺮاي ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن ﻋﺎدي و ﻧﺎﺷﻨﻮاي ﭘﯿﺶدﺑﺴﺘﺎﻧﯽ، اﺑﺰاري روا و ﭘﺎﯾﺎ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ، ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ اﯾﺮاﻧﯽ را دارد و ﻣﯽﺗﻮان از آن ﺑﺮاي ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ارزشﻫﺎي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ- ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻧﯽ و ﺗﺎبآوري ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن ﻋﺎدي و ﻧﺎﺷﻨﻮاي ﭘﯿﺶدﺑﺴﺘﺎﻧﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮐﺮد.

The purpose of the present research was to study the psychometric properties of the Persian version of social-emotional assets and resilience scale for normal and deaf preschool children in Isfahan City. This study was a descriptive research of survey type. The statistical population of the present research included 382 experts and mothers of normal and deaf preschool children of Isfahan City in 2018-2019 academic year. The sample included respectively 10, 310 and 62 experts and mothers of normal and deaf children who were selected randomly. Assessment tool included Social-Emotional Assets and Resilience Scale for preschool children (SEARS). Viewpoints of 10 experts were gathered to assess the questionnaire’s face and content validity. Lawshe method and Waltz & Bausell method were used to calculate content validity index. Construct validity was analyzed using factor analysis. The reliability of scale was calculated using Cronbach’s alpha. The scale was constructed in 5 subscales and 42 items with a set of 4 answer choices for each question. The face validity and content validity (CVI=0/83) was confirmed. Content validity index was 0/83, 0/89, 0/83, 0/81 and 0/84 for subscales of self-regulation, social competence, empathy, responsibility and emotional knowledge, respectively. The reliability using Cronbach’s alpha was 0/88 for the total score and 0/87, 0/86, 0/90, 0/84 and 0/85 for the subscales, respectively. The Social-Emotional Assets and Resilience Scale for normal and deaf preschool children has been shown to be a valid and reliable tool. Therefore, it is capable to be used in Iranian society and can be used for assessing emotional competency of normal and deaf preschool children.