كليدواژه :
مالكيت , دولت , فقه اسلامي , مالكيت خصوصي , تحديد
چكيده فارسي :
دوﻟﺖ اﻣﺮوزه در ﻣﺎﻟﮑﯿﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯽ اﻓﺮاد اﻧﻮاع دﺧﺎﻟﺖ ﻫﺎ را ﺻﻮرت ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ، اﯾﻦ دﺧﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﻪ اﺷـﮑﺎل ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ از ﻗﺒﯿﻞ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﮔﺬاري، وﺿﻊ ﻣﻘﺮرات و آﯾﯿﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎي اﺟﺮاﯾﯽ ﯾـﺎ از ﻃﺮﯾـﻖ آراي ﻗﻀـﺎﯾﯽ ﺻـﻮرت ﻣﯽ ﭘﺬﯾﺮد. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﺒﺎﻧﯽ و اﺷﮑﺎل ﻓﻘﻬﯽ ـ ﺣﻘﻮﻗﯽ دﺧﺎﻟﺖ دوﻟﺖ در ﻣﺎﻟﮑﯿﺖ و ﮔﺴﺘﺮه و ﺷﯿﻮه آن، ﺑﻪ آﺳﯿﺐ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﻧﻈﺎم ﻣﻮﺟـﻮد ﭘﺮداﺧﺘـﻪ و اﯾـﺮادات اﺟﺮاﯾـﯽ و ﻣﺒﻨـﺎﯾﯽ دﺧﺎﻟـﺖ ﻫـﺎ را ﺑﺮرﺳـﯽ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﯿﻢ ﺗﺎ در ﭘﺎﯾﺎن اﻟﮕﻮﯾﯽ ﻣﻄﻠﻮب از ﺣﺪود دﺧﺎﻟﺖ دوﻟﺖ در ﻣﺎﻟﮑﯿﺖ اراﺋﻪ ﮐﻨﯿﻢ. اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟـﻪ ﺑـﺎ اﺗﺨـﺎد روش ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ـ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﻣﯽ رﺳﺪ ﮐﻪ اﺟﺮاي اﺣﮑـﺎم اﺳـﻼﻣﯽ در ﻧﻈـﺎم ﺣﻘـﻮﻗﯽ ﺟﻤﻬـﻮري اﺳﻼﻣﯽ اﯾﺮان، در ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﻣﻮارد از ﺟﻤﻠـﻪ آزادي اﺣﯿـﺎ اراﺿـﯽ ﻣـﻮات ﺑـﺪون ﻧﻈـﺎرت دوﻟـﺖ، ﯾـﺎ اﻣﮑـﺎن ﺳﺎﺧﺖ وﺳﺎز در ﻣﻠﮏ ﺷﺨﺼﯽ ﺑﺪون ﻧﻈﺎرت، ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻣﺸﮑﻼت ﻋﻤﻠﯽ اﯾﺠـﺎد ﻧﻤﺎﯾـﺪ. ﺑـﺮ ﻫﻤـﯿﻦ اﺳـﺎس ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﻣﻮارد از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺣﻔﻆ ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ ﻋﺎﻣﻪ و ﻧﻈﻢ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ اﯾﺠﺎب ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ دوﻟﺖ در ﻣﺎﻟﮑﯿﺖ اﻓـﺮاد ﺑـﻪ ﻧ ﺤـﻮ ﻣﻌﻘﻮل دﺧﺎﻟﺖ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ.
چكيده لاتين :
Today, the government is engaged in private ownership of various types of interference, in a variety of ways, such as legislation, regulations, and Executive bylaws, or through judicial decisions. In this article, Meanwhile explaining the legal and Jurisprudence forms of government involvement in ownership and its area and method, we will examines the pathology of the existing system and examine the implementing and Basic imperfections of interventions. In the end, we will present desirable pattern of the extent of state interference in ownership. By adopting a descriptive-analytical method, this article concludes that the implementation of Islamic rulings in the legal system of the Islamic Republic of Iran, in some cases, including the freedom to revitalize lands without government supervision, or the possibility of construction on personal property without supervision, can be Make practical problems. Accordingly, some issues, including the preservation of public interests and public order, require the government to intervene reasonably in the ownership of individuals.
