ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎري ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ﺟﻨﺴﯿﺘﯽ در ﮐﯿﻔﺮﮔﺬاري ﺟﺮاﯾﻢ ﺗﻌﺰﯾﺮي

Structural Analysis of Gender Justice in Punishment of Ta'zir Crime

ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻧﺮخ ﺟﺮم زﻧﺎن، ﺑﺮﻗﺮاري ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ﺟﻨﺴﯿﺘﯽ در ﮐﯿﻔﺮﮔﺬاري ﺟﺮاﯾﻢ ﺗﻌﺰﯾﺮي اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﻣﯽﯾﺎﺑﺪ. ﻟﺬا ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮارد ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﮐﯿﻔﺮﮔﺬاري ﺟﺮاﯾﻢ زﻧﺎن ﺷﺎﻣﻞ اراده ارﺗﮑﺎب ﺟﺮم و ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺪﻫﺎي ﮐﯿﻔﺮ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻮارد از ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎري و ﻣﻔﻬﻮم ﻧﻘﺶ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ و از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﻧﯿﻤﻪ ﺑﺎز ﺑﺎ ﭼﻬﺎر ﮔﺮوه ﻓﻘﻬﺎي دﯾﻨﯽ، ﻗﻀﺎت و وﮐﻼ، داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن ﺣﻘﻮق ﺟﺰا و ﻓﻌﺎﻻن ﺣﻘﻮق زﻧﺎن ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻓﺸﺎر ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎري ﮐﻪ در ﻣﻮﻗﻌﯿﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺮ زﻧﺎن وارد ﻣﯽﺷﻮد، اراده را ﻣﻨﻔﻌﻞ و زﻣﯿﻨـﻪ ارﺗﮑـﺎب ﺟـﺮم ﺗﻮﺳﻂ آنﻫﺎ را ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﻣﯽﺳﺎزد. از ﺳﻮي دﯾﮕﺮ، ﮐﯿﻔﺮﻫﺎ ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺪﻫﺎي ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ و ﺷﺪﯾﺪﺗﺮي ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﺸﮑﻼت ﺟﺴـﻤﯽ و روﺣﯽ، ﻃﺮد ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﯽ و اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺑﺮاي زﻧﺎن در ﺑﺮ دارﻧﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺿﺮورت اﻋﻤﺎل روﯾﮑﺮدي ﺣﻤـﺎﯾﺘﯽ در ﮐﯿﻔﺮﮔﺬاري از ﻗﺒﯿﻞ ﺗﺨﻔﯿﻒ در ﻧﻮع و ﻣﯿﺰان ﻣﺠﺎزات، ﺣﺬف ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺮﺧـﯽ ﻣﺠـﺎزات ﻫـﺎ و ﻏﯿـﺮ ه را ﺑـﺮاي زﻧـﺎن اﯾﺠﺎب ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ.

As women's crime rates increase, gender equality is important in punishing offenses. Therefore, the issues affecting the punishment of women's crimes, including the will to commit a crime and the consequences of the punishment, are addressed. Structural stress theory and role concept are used to investigate these issues.
The research method is qualitative through semi-open interviews with four groups of religious scholars, judges and lawyers, criminal law students and women's rights activists. The structural pressure that is exerted on women in different situations provides a passive will and provides them with the opportunity to commit a crime. On the other hand, punishments have more severe consequences, such as physical and mental problems, family and social exclusion for women. These conditions necessitate the application of a supportive approach to punishment, such as a reduction in the type and amount of punishment, the complete abolition of certain penalties and so on